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Related Topics I: Charge-Transfer Complexes in Biological Systems
Published in Jean-Pierre Farges, Organic Conductors, 2022
Vivian C. Flores, Hendrik Keyzer, Cissy Varkey-Johnson, Karen Leslie Young
For the energetics of complexes of different donors with a common acceptor, the reader is referred to the work by Briegleb and Czekalla [67], and that of Kuroda et al. [68]. Batley and Lyons [69] have established the following relationship for complexes with analogous configurations for a series of acceptors interacting with a common donor: h(vCT1 - VCT2) = EA2 - EA1(12) This equation allows approximate determination of the electron affinity of small individual acceptor molecules as well as acceptor groups in macromolecules.
A solution for high damping constants in sands
Published in Frans B.J. Barends, Application of Stress-Wave Theory to Piles, 2022
G. Likins, J. DiMaggio, F. Rausche, W. Teferra
Records from six prestressed concrete piles were analyzed (DiMaggio 1991). CT1 and CT2 were 450mm solid section piles with penetrations of 20 and 23m, respectively. CT3 and CT4 were 600mm square piles with 260mm diameter void but 1 meter solid sections at top and bottom. They also had penetrations of 20 and 23m, respectively. CT5 and CT6 were 900mm square piles with 570mm diameter void (solid 1 meter at top and bottom) and penetrations of 22 and 25m, respectively. All piles were tested during driving and later by restrike after both short (1 to 3 days) and longer (8 to 11 days) wait periods with respect to the end of driving (EOD). A Kobe K25 hammer was used for CT1, CT2, CT3 and CT4 and a Delmag D62-22 for CT5 and CT6. Both compressive and tensile driving stresses approached or exceeded recommended allowable values. Although pile damage was not apparent, careful control of hammer fuel settings and pile cushion thickness was necessary. Finally these piles were tested statically 17 to 22 days after EOD.
Wireless networking
Published in Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Optical and Wireless Communications, 2018
Wireless PBX has its roots in standards developed in Europe and Japan. The following three standards are bidding for attention in the wireless PBX: The cordless telecommunication (CT) series of standards: These are low-cost, public cordless telephone systems that have been popular in Europe. CT has generations 0, 1, 2, and 3 corresponding to CT0, CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively. CT0/CT1 are for analog cordless telephone. CT2 allows bandwidth splitting into radio channels. CT3 was designed for high-density office environments, using technology to boost capacity in crowded areas. To ensure compatibility with other communication devices, many wireless systems adhere to CT2.The digital enhanced cordless telecommunications (DECT): DECT is a Pan-European standard for digital cordless telephony which operates from 1880 MHz to 1900 MHz.The personal handy-phone system (PHS): PHS is a Japanese standard that uses TDMA/TDD system and occupies the 1895–1918. 1 MHz band. (The spectrum bands for DECT and PHS overlap slightly.)
P2M Simulation Exercise on Past Fuel Melting Irradiation Experiments
Published in Nuclear Technology, 2023
V. D’Ambrosi, J. Sercombe, S. Bejaoui, A. Chaieb, B. Baurens, R. Largenton, A. Ambard, B. Boer, G. Bonny, M. Ševeček, L. E. Herranz, F. Feria Marquez, K. Inagaki, H. Ohta, F. Boldt, J. Sappl, R. Armstrong, A. Mohamad, Y. Udagawa, C. Cozzo, J. Klouzal, M. Vitezslav, J. Corson, J. Peltonen
After the HBC4 power ramp, the rodlet was first examined by neutron radiography.17 Three zones where voids had formed in the centerline of the fuel column were found. They were located near the PPN and at an axial level of 300 to 385 mm/BFC. The voids were not continuous in the axial direction but sometimes filled with fuel. Three transverse cross sections (named CT1 and CT2 in the failed region, CT3 out of the failed region) and one longitudinal cross section (named CL1) were cut from the rodlet. Figure 4 shows the axial diameter profile of the HBC4 rod after the power ramp, where the clad cracks are characterized by local peaks. The location of the three transverse cross sections (CT1, CT2, and CT3) and of the longitudinal cross section (CL1) are reported in Fig. 4 as well as the central holes obtained from neutron radiography. A fourth ceramography was obtained, CT1’, by grinding and polishing downward the CT1 cross section. The CT1, CT1’, CT2, and CL1 ceramographies are shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively.
2D(r,t) Simulations of the HBC-4 Power-to-Melt Experiment with the Fuel Performance Code ALCYONE
Published in Nuclear Technology, 2023
J. Sercombe, V. D’Ambrosi, S. Béjaoui, I. Zacharie-Aubrun
The CT1, CT2, and CT3 transverse ceramographies are presented in Fig. 7. The CT1 and CT2 ceramographies confirmed the presence of central voids and through-wall cracks in the cladding that showed the characteristic pattern of I-SCC with a bifurcation halfway through the clad thickness (slow crack propagation by I-SCC followed by a low ductile failure of the remaining clad ligament). The roundness of the central void was clear in the CT1 cross section, while it had an elliptic shape in the case of CT2 with the smallest dimension aligned with the clad crack. The fuel swelling was also markedly more important in the direction of the clad crack since no reopening of the pellet-clad gap is visible. This results in a central hole that appears to be shifted away from the clad crack. On the contrary, due to the lower local LHGR (56 kW·m−1), CT3 presents no central void and no crack in the cladding.
Reconfigurability consideration and scheduling of products in a manufacturing industry
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2018
In continental, multi-product lines have been developed. Generally, one type of product is manufacturing and when the demand arises, the line is reconfigured for another type of product. For reconfiguration, some parts of the machines are changed and some fixtures are also changed. The parts of machines, which are changed, can be tools, tool holding devices, job holding devices and other supporting devices. These parts are also known as auxiliary modules. In WSS line, machines which are reconfigured are grommet insertion machine, crimping machine, moulding machine, and insulation testing machine. Machines with auxiliary modules used for different types of products have been identified and specific names have been given to these modules shown in Table 3. For example, crimping machine has two auxiliary modules CT1 and CT2. CT1 is used for PRODUCT A, PRODUCT B and PRODUCT C while CT2 is used for PRODUCT D Table 3. There are the operations which require only fixtures. Different fixtures are used for different products. These operations are Adjustment, Fastener, Cutting, Painting, Bracket crimping.