Anode ray

Anode ray

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Published in Splinter Robert, Illustrated Encyclopedia of Applied and Engineering Physics, 2017

[nuclear] In gas-filled tube with anode and cathode this represents the ions released from the anode, and are called anode ray or canal ray. The positive ions migrate toward the anode under the applied electric field. The canal rays migrate in the opposite direction from the cathode (electron) ray. The exact nature of the positive canal ray depends on the gas and hence the ions formed by surrendering any number of electrons at the positive anode. The discovery of the positive particle stream was made in 1886 by Eugen Goldstein (1850–1930).

Comparison of Rutherford’s atomic model with the Standard Model of particle physics and other models

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Journal Information

Published in Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2021

Philip Yock

For completeness we note here another twist in the discovery of the proton. In the late 1800s, Eugene Goldstein reported the presence of ‘anode rays’ in discharge tubes with perforated cathodes. Their e/m values were measured by Wilhelm Wien and J J Thomson in the early 1900s and found to include that of the proton (Moore et al. 1985). This was probably the first observation of the proton, although it did not establish that particle as a basic constituent of the atomic nucleus.

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Comparison of Rutherford’s atomic model with the Standard Model of particle physics and other models