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An Overview of the Dark Web
Published in Mohiuddin Ahmed, Abu S. S. M. Barkat Ullah, Al-Sakib Khan Pathan, Security Analytics for the Internet of Everything, 2020
Shahrin Sadik, Mohiuddin Ahmed
The dark web is a collection of websites which are not available on general search engines and prevail only in certain encrypted networks. A tool named Tor encryption is used to hide the user identity in almost all the sites of the dark web. This tool aids the user to hide his or her identity and restricts the correct location from being shared. It also acts as a shield for all the activities performed in the dark web. It is necessary for the users of the dark web to use Tor to hide their IP addresses. It has to pass through several layers of encryption to allow the hidden feature to be used by the users of the dark web. It is possible for anyone to visit dark web using Tor, but one has to make sure that the identity is hidden so that they do not get into the trap of the backend users who are extremely dangerous.
Money laundering and black markets
Published in Abbas Moallem, Human-Computer Interaction and Cybersecurity Handbook, 2018
Defining the profile of today’s underground economy actor presents a challenge for additional reasons. Given the rapid rise and fall of these markets in recent years allows little time for media, literature, or entertainment to study and document what the “typical” online criminal looks like. More importantly, the very feature making the business so attractive to a criminal also prevents the public from understanding his or her profile. The dark web keeps cybercriminals and money launderers afloat because it offers (often requires) anonymizing networks and untraceability. Such features impede the efforts of law enforcement, Internet service providers and financial intelligence units from detecting criminal activity, making this space a haven within which hackers and their criminal colleagues operate, almost with impunity. Obtaining a virtual private networks with strong encryption, using a proxy server, IP spoofing, and using the Onion Router (Tor) or the Invisible Internet Project (I2P) will hinder efforts to trace users’ and administrators’ online activity on unindexed sections of the web. TOR and I2P are free software and open networks that enable anonymous communication, file transfers, and Internet browsing that conceal a user’s physical location preventing network surveillance or traffic analysis.
The Three Generations of DDoS
Published in Rocky Dr. Termanini, The Nano Age of Digital Immunity Infrastructure Fundamentals and Applications, 2018
Tor, The Onion Router: We need to mention the value of anonymity and privacy that gave birth to “The Onion Router” with its famous acronym Tor. It is free software enabling anonymous communication. Tor directs Internet traffic through a free, worldwide, volunteer network consisting of more than 7000 relays to conceal a user’s location and usage from anyone conducting network surveillance or traffic ana lysis.
RNN-LSTM Based Deep Learning Model for Tor Traffic Classification
Published in Cyber-Physical Systems, 2023
VishnuPriya. A, Hiran Kumar Singh, SivaChaitanyaPrasad. M, JaiSivaSai. G
Internet carries the ginormous traffic of e-commerce, social, entertainment and other sensitive information. Internet users are concerned about the privacy of their information being disclosed to others. However, revealing the secret information may lead to cyber criminal activities like phishing and malware threats. It stands to reason that people desire the anonymity tools to conceal their IP address, location and other identities. Tor, VPN, Tails and Orbot are the most popular Anonymity tools[1]. Among this, Tor browser is one of the desirable privacy preserving tools to surf the Internet anonymously. Tor performs the multi-layer encryption of network traffic via three-layer relay networks, and has entry node, intermediate node and exit node. Entry relays are publicly available node which gets the traffic from the source node in encrypted format, then it sends it to the random middle relay and finally reaches the exit relay where the destination server is connected. It encrypts the entire IP packet including the header information. Thus, the IP and lower frame details are cryptic from traffic monitoring or censorship. Tor is an acclaimed platform for the user who wants to anonymise the identity, avoiding the censorship and communicating the secret information. Perhaps people are exploiting unlawful activities against the government and regulation authority. So, the Government is defining the serious law and procedures to monitor the dark web diversion [2]. In recent research, there are so many studies are presented including classify and filter the anonymous traffic and Deep packet Inspection in the provider’s edge network.
Using the Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork (EAST) broken-links approach to understand vulnerabilities to disruption in a darknet market
Published in Ergonomics, 2019
Ben R. Lane, Paul M. Salmon, Adrian Cherney, David Lacey, Neville A. Stanton
The Darknet is an alternate layer of the Internet, accessible using anonymising software, such as The Onion Router (TOR), which disguises user activity. One of the revolutions brought about by the Darknet has been in allowing users to transact anonymously when used in conjunction with cryptocurrencies. Markets on the Darknet consequently provide a venue for buying and selling illicit goods, including drugs, weapons and fraudulent personal identity documents and information. Transactions span continents (Broséus et al. 2017) and market administrators have been known to earn millions of dollars in illicit profits (US Department of Justice 2017).
Towards a Conceptual Typology of Darknet Risks
Published in Journal of Computer Information Systems, 2023
Obi Ogbanufe, Jordan Wolfe, Fallon Baucum
Given the illegal nature of the activities on the darknet, access to it is primarily through specific software like Tor and I2P. The software allows darknet participants to transact anonymously, making it difficult for their identities and activities to be traced by law enforcement.13 When accessing darknet sites, the Tor Browser routes participants through random Tor nodes so that the path of the traffic is random and encrypted, increasing the difficulty in tracing the user’s identity.18