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Force-System Resultants and Equilibrium
Published in Richard C. Dorf, The Engineering Handbook, 2018
An operating system is a type of system software that manages and controls the resources and computing capability of a computer or a computer network, and provides users a logical interface for accessing the physical computer to execute applications. This chapter describes typical architectures and generic functions of operating systems. First, the basic concepts and brief history of operating system technologies are introduced. Next is a description of the conceptual and typical commercial architectures of operating systems. Common functions of operating systems, such as process and thread management, memory management, file system management, I/O system management, and network/communication management are then presented. Finally, real-time operating systems are described. with illustrations of the RTOS + operating system.
Software Design Considerations for Real-Time DSP Systems
Published in Gillian M. Davis, Noise Reduction in Speech Applications, 2018
The system software provides the infrastructure and hardware abstraction for the application software. As application complexity grows, a real-time kernel can simplify the task of managing the DSP MIPS efficiently using a multitasking design model. The developer also has access to a standard set of interfaces for performing I/O as well as handling hardware interrupts. A DSP RTOS also provides the capability to define and configure system memory efficiently. The overall structure that the multitasking design paradigm adds to the application makes it easier to scale and maintain larger applications. DSP RTOSs have very low interrupt latency. Because many DSP systems interface with the external environment, they are event or interrupt driven. Low overhead in handling interrupts is very important for DSP systems. For many of the same reasons, DSP RTOSs also ensure that the amount of time interrupts are disabled is as short as possible. When interrupts are disabled (e.g., context switching), the DSP cannot respond to the environment.
The emergence of information technology: A state of practice report
Published in F.B.J. Barends, J. Lindenberg, H.J. Luger, L. de Quelerij, A. Verruijt, Geotechnical Engineering for Transportation Infrastructure, 2017
Software contains the instructions, which that tell a computer what to do. Software comprises the entire set of programs, procedures, and routines associated with the operation of a computer system. A set of instructions that directs a computer’s hardware to perform a task is called a program, or software program. The two main types of software are system software and application software. System software controls a computer’s internal functioning, chiefly through an operating system and also controls such peripherals as monitors, printers, and storage devices. Application software, by contrast, directs the computer to execute commands given by the user and may be said to include any program that processes data for a user. Application software thus includes word processors, spreadsheets, database management, inventory and payroll programs, and many other ‘applications’. A third software category is that of network software, which co-ordinates communication between the computers linked in a network.
School Wireless Network Classroom Teaching System Based on Artificial Intelligence
Published in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 2023
The software of the system is an important part of realizing the function of the system and improving the overall performance of the system. Good system software can give full play to the hardware performance of the system and enhance the flexibility and stability of the system (Lu et al. 2022). The general system software is divided into the single-task system and multi-task system. The tasks of a single-task system are serially executed, while the multi-task system is the concurrent execution of parallel multi-task on the macro level, which usually depends on a multi-task operating system (Hyndman 2018). Considering the software complexity of the system, the software architecture of the system is based on the embedded real-time operating system UCOS-II platform. System software design is divided into four levels hardware driver layer UCOS-II operating system layer, function module layer, and application software layer. The system software architecture is displayed as Figure 5.
Determinants of adoption for open-source office applications: A plural investigation
Published in Information Systems Management, 2018
Sumedha Chauhan, Mahadeo Jaiswal, Sumita Rai, Luvai Motiwalla, Leo Pipino
Computer software is broadly categorized as either system or application software. System software (operating systems, utilities, etc.) or back-office software is generally used by IT staff, while application software (office suites, email, etc.) or front-office software is often used by end-users to execute business processes. Whereas earlier, only OSS in the system software category was considered mature and familiar—and hence was better accepted and researched (Ven & Verelst, 2011)—today OSS in the application software category is also considered a reliable and mature alternative to proprietary software (Kundu, 2013). Several vendors such as Alfresco, Liferay, Sendmail, SugarCRM, and OpenBravo provide customer support for their open-source application software for a fee. In this article, we use the term “open-source office applications” (OSOA) for vendor-supported OSS in the application software category. Table 1 describes the differences between OSS and OSOA.