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Standards
Published in Krzysztof W. Kolodziej, Johan Hjelm, Local Positioning Systems, 2017
Krzysztof W. Kolodziej, Johan Hjelm
In addition, OGC Sensor Web is an open platform for exploiting web-connected sensors. This work includes SensorML, which is an information model, and XML encodings for discovering, querying, and controlling web-resident sensors. SensorML defines an XML schema that serves to represent the general, geometric, and observational characteristics of sensors. Adherence to a common schema makes it possible to search for sensors and sensor data with more precision than is available with text searches using a search engine. For example, searching for particular kinds of sensors and data in a particular geographic region, with data collected within a particular time window, will be easy. Sensor Web is a neutral interoperability framework for web-based discovery, access, control, integration, analysis, and visualization of online sensors, sensor-derived data repositories, and sensor-related processing capabilities. It addresses the problem of isolated, custom-designed, single-application sensor networks, incompatible sensor standards, lack of real-time availability of data, and lack of common and consistent schemas for sensor description, control, and data. Sensor Web applies to web-accessible sensors with discoverable sensors and sensor data; sensors will be self-describing to humans and software (using a standard encoding), and most sensor observations will be easily accessible in a timely fashion over the web. The Sensor Web framework involves several OGC encoding and service specifications designed for general geospatial uses, as well as schema and service specifications that are specifically sensor related. Some studies define services to parse and mark free text messages or to transform symbolic locations into a geometric representation.
Present and future of semantic web technologies: a research statement
Published in International Journal of Computers and Applications, 2021
The semantic sensor web is an expansion of the sensor web where sensor nodes swap and process data automatically without any human interference. The major components of the semantic sensor web are ontologies, query languages semantic annotation (comment), and rule languages. Ontologies serve as dictionaries that contain the definitions of all concepts used by sensor web. Semantic Sensor Network Ontology (SSNO) contains sensors, procedures, and their observations. Semantic annotation language, for example RDF and RDFa, is used for annotating the sensor’s measurement and observation. Reasoning service provides inferences on existing facts and rules that are defined via SWRL by which we extract additional information. All of the above-mentioned information forms the backbone of the semantic layer. SWTs play a very important role in the sensor network because through them, we infer semantic information from the raw data gathered by sensors. Hence, we can utilize meaningful information in many smart applications like health care, meteorology and environment observation, and so on.
Spatiotemporal event detection: a review
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2020
Manzhu Yu, Myra Bambacus, Guido Cervone, Keith Clarke, Daniel Duffy, Qunying Huang, Jing Li, Wenwen Li, Zhenlong Li, Qian Liu, Bernd Resch, Jingchao Yang, Chaowei Yang
Generally speaking, sensor webs (intelligent sensors acting as a whole rather than as a combination of single sensors) have only emerged very recently because of increasingly reliable communication technologies, affordable embedded devices, and the growing importance of sensor data for (near) real-time decision support. One essential driver is the upcoming importance of interoperability, which in this case means that different types of sensors should be able to communicate with each other and produce a common output. Interoperability is a fundamental prerequisite for pervasive sensor webs, involving interoperability at different levels: data structures, measurement transmission, sensor queries, and alerting functionality. Therefore, the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) initiated the development of the Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) group of standards (Botts et al. 2006) that serves the whole process chain from data acquisition and transmission to alerting and tasking.
Management of local multi-sensors applied to SHM and long-term infrared monitoring: Cloud2IR implementation
Published in Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Journal, 2019
Antoine Crinière, Jean Dumoulin, Laurent Mevel
The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is an international voluntary consensus standards organisation, originated in 1994. In the OGC, more than 500 commercial, governmental, nonprofit and research organisations worldwide collaborate in a consensus process encouraging development and implementation of open standards for geospatial content and services, Geographical Information System (GIS) [16] data processing and data sharing. One of the main aims of this consortium is to promote open standards able to create wide information systems. OGC acts as a link between the accepted standards like ISO and the information technologies as the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The OGC provides various standards (in Figure 4). From the sensor side the main paradigm is resumed by the Sensor Web Enablement (SWE). The SWE standards [4] enable developers to make all types of sensors, transducers and sensor data repositories discoverable, accessible and usable via the Web.