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Smart and Intelligent Packaging Based on Biodegradable Composites
Published in Arbind Prasad, Ashwani Kumar, Kishor Kumar, Biodegradable Composites for Packaging Applications, 2023
Theivasanthi Thirugnanasambandan
Printed electronics is the electronic device that is printed on a substrate (Coatanea et al., 2009; Wikipedia, 2021). It is emerging as an important area of research in smart packaging. The quality of food products can be monitored by printing sensors on the packaging. Conductive inks are the important materials for the development of printed electronics. They are applied to print labels, QR codes and RFID tags on the food packaging. The content of these printed labels, codes and tags can be read or unlocked through an appropriate machine reader.
Optoelectronic and Electronic Packaging Materials and Their Properties
Published in Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar, Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani, Senthilkumar Krishnasamy, Suchart Siengchin, Food Packaging, 2020
Theivasanthi Thirugnanasambandan, Karthikeyan Subramaniam
The next generation printed electronics can provide support for wearable sensors, printable solar cells, and food packaging technology. In the future, these things can be mass-produced like copying in xerox shops. The technology can be commercialized into small-scale industries where these devices can be fabricated by people who do not have any technical knowledge. A high sensitivity and high electrical conductivity can be achieved with advanced nanomaterials. Flexible substrates can be formed easily. Also, they are foldable. The role of printed electronics in making intelligent food packaging has been clearly elucidated in this chapter. The usage of RFID tags in labeling food products with advanced technology has been introduced. The use of nanomaterials as sensors and in the preparation of conductive ink has been described in detail. The possibility of using paper-based and polymer-based substrates in electronic labels has been well analyzed.
Printable Electronics for Biosensing
Published in George K. Knopf, Amarjeet S. Bassi, Smart Biosensor Technology, 2018
Printed electronics refers to thin film devices fabricated using some of the various printing equipment such as gravure, screen, flexo, or inkjet printers. In a typical printing operation, an electronically functional ink is deposited (or printed) over a substrate, which can be rigid or flexible. Through geometrical patterning or using functional inks with different properties, passive (i.e., resistors, capacitors, inductors, electrodes) and active (thin film transistors) components can be printed. The printing technology deposits the desired thin film pattern directly on the substrate and does not require lithographic steps. Consequently, it can be fully automatized to allow high-volume fabrication of circuits with minimal human interaction. Hence, compared to conventional fabrication methods, printing of electronic circuits is a low-cost process.
Electronic and optoelectronic applications of solution-processed two-dimensional materials
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2019
Printed electronics are electrical devices which are fabricated by various printing techniques. Printed electronics can be fabricated in ambient condition without the need for cleanroom, thus they are cost-effective. It is also capable with flexible electronics and can be fabricated into complicated patterns. The interconnected network structure building in the printed electronics by nano-materials is an important goal in nanoscience. Over the past few years, there are many efforts focusing on the development and selection of new materials for printed electronics, such as organic/inorganic nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanowires [104,105]. Based on their electrical and mechanical properties, 2D materials are thought to be great candidates toward printed electronic applications. Also, the variety of 2D materials in their electrical and optical properties endows them obvious advantages over organic or inorganic nanostructures [83]. It can be predicted that by selecting different 2D materials as the building blocks on the devices, one can achieve multi-functional design. Further, because ink is of great significance during printing process, 2D materials from solution-processed methods are required. This can not only ensure the stability during printing process but also achieve large-area and low-cost printed electronics.
Dispenser-printed sound-emitting fabrics for applications in the creative fashion and smart architecture industry
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2019
Yi Li, Russel Torah, Yang Wei, Neil Grabham, John Tudor
Fabrics are lightweight, flexible, omnipresent in our lives, and provide a large surface area which can be exploited by integrating electronic functionality for various applications, for example within the fashion or architecture industries. Smart fabrics or textiles have embedded electronic functionality such as sensors or actuators within them. Smart fabrics is a dominant trend in future textile development, especially targeting interactive, wearable textiles for the creative industries. Examples date back to 1991 when researchers investigated interactive clothing with one famous example being ‘Hypercolor’ a fabric which changes colour when heated (Nogaki, 1992). Further within the field of architecture, textiles are finding an increasing number of applications within which smart electronic functions may be integrated such as solar cells to supply power (Wilson, Mather, Lind, & Diyaf, 2012). Printed electronics has been in development in the last few decades to reduce the manufacturing cost and provide more flexible solution enabling electronics functionality to be realised on fabrics. Printed smart fabrics research, in particular based on screen printing, has been growing significantly and a range of devices have been achieved. A range of low temperature (<150 °C) processable functional materials, compatible with fabrics, facilitate the fabrication of functional devices. Functions achieved so far are: conductive (Locher & Tröster, 2007), dielectric (Neral, Turk, & Voncina, 2006), piezoelectric (Almusallam, Torah, Zhu, Tudor, & Beeby, 2013), electroluminescent (Sloma, Janczak, Wroblewski, Mlozniak, & Jakubowska, 2014), sacrificial (Wei, Torah, Yang, Beeby, & Tudor, 2013) and strain sensing (Perc et al., 2010). However, sound emission, achieved by directly printing on fabric, has not been previously reported. The challenge of printing functional layers of around 20 μm thickness on widely used woven fabrics, such as polyester cotton of surface roughness ~150 μm, is met by printing a suitably thick, primer interface layer on the fabrics, before additional functional layers are printed, to overcome the barrier of the high roughness of woven fabrics (Whittow et al., 2014).