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Parallel Input and Output
Published in Fernando E. Valdes-Perez, Ramon Pallas-Areny, Microcontrollers, 2017
Fernando E. Valdes-Perez, Ramon Pallas-Areny
This chapter describes the parallel input and output (I/O) resources in PIC microcontrollers. Parallel communication is a type of communication in which all the data bits are transferred simultaneously. Serial input and outputs are described in Chapter 8, and analog input and outputs are described in Chapter 9. This chapter starts by explaining the basic concepts and techniques associated with data transfer, followed by parallel ports in medium-end PIC microcontrollers. Finally, this chapter illustrates the connection of several peripherals widely used in microcontroller systems, such as switches, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and keypads, as well as seven-segment displays and liquid-crystal displays (LCDs).
Communications
Published in Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton, Embedded Systems Circuits and Programming, 2017
Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton
Parallel communications is the process of sending several bits of data simultaneously over individual data lines. In the computer environment, parallel communications are often associated with a popular printer interface developed by Centronics and sometimes called the Centronics or printer interface. Originally, the Centronics interface was designed for one-way communications. Later, it was made bi-directional, allowing its use in high-speed data transfers. The Centronics or parallel printer interface is now considered a legacy port.
Communications
Published in Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton, Microcontroller Programming, 2018
Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton
Parallel communications is the process of sending several bits of data simultaneously over individual data lines. In the computer environment, parallel communications are often associated with a popular printer interface developed by Centronics and sometimes called the Centronics or printer interface. Originally, the Centronics interface was designed for one-way communications. Later, it was made bi-directional, allowing its use in high-speed data transfers. The Centronics or parallel printer interface is now considered a legacy port.
Determination of the optimal shape of matrix elements partitioning on three abstract heterogeneous processors
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2020
Ye.G Klyuyeva, V.V. Yavorskij, A.A. Adamov, I.T. Utepbergenov
The paper presents the results of a study done to find the optimal shapes of matrix element partitioning on three abstract heterogeneous processors when performing multiplication operations. An abstract processor model allows applying the research results in systems with different heterogeneous architectures. To determine the optimal partitioning shape, the work uses non-rectangular candidate shapes identified by Ashley DeFlumere as a result of applying the technology of redistribution of matrix elements between the processors «push»: Square Corner, Rectangle Corner, Square Rectangle, Block Rectangle, L-Rectangle, Traditional 1D Rectangular. The optimality of shapes is determined for four classes of matrix multiplication algorithms: Serial Communication with Barrier, Parallel Communication with Barrier, Serial Communication with Bulk Overlap and Parallel Communication with Overlap. The Hockney model was used to evaluate the communication complexity of algorithms. Mathematical models of the algorithm execution time were introduced in the paper for each considered candidate shape in all algorithms.