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Causes delaying the development of the Russian printing industry
Published in Ford Lumban Gaol, Natalia Filimonova, Vladimir Maslennikov, Financial and Economic Tools Used in the World Hospitality Industry, 2018
Modernization is high on the agenda of Russian printing companies. The need for modernization has come to the fore due to the need for introducing innovations in the areas of technology, materials, management, environmental standards, as well as new opportunities and demands of the digital economy.
Computer-Based Human-Machine Interfaces for Emergency Operation
Published in Nuclear Technology, 2018
Maren H. Rø Eitrheim, Håkan Svengren, Alexandra Fernandes
In modernization of existing power plants and design of new builds, computer-based procedures present an opportunity to improve operator performance and overcome weaknesses associated with paper procedures as exemplified above. Better maintenance and tracking possibilities are also an important motivation for implementing computer-based procedures.5 Computer-based procedure systems range from electronic replicas of the paper procedures to systems providing automatic supervision and execution of predefined actions.6 The latter types of computer-based procedures will markedly affect the use of the EOPs. The main advantage of computer-based EOPs is the automatic gathering of dynamic information relevant to a procedure step, such as plant components, parameters, and operational limits. This reduces the navigational tasks for the operators and supports monitoring of continuous steps and operational conditions. Computer-based procedures can also provide navigational links to other procedures and documents and allow team members to monitor the procedure work progress from a different location. Possible disadvantages with computer-based procedure systems include failures of automatic process supervision and place-keeping functions,7 poorer readability in digital displays compared to paper, restrictions in the amount of information displayed, and more cumbersome annotation functionality compared to using pen and paper. Finally, the operators may be forced to transfer to paper procedures in case of total loss of the computer-based procedure system.7