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Modern Internet
Published in Vikas Kumar Jha, Bishwajeet Pandey, Ciro Rodriguez Rodriguez, Network Evolution and Applications, 2023
Vikas Kumar Jha, Bishwajeet Pandey, Ciro Rodriguez Rodriguez
The Internet of today has become very different compared with the original concept of the Internet at the time of development of its architecture and protocols around the abstraction of communications between fixed end hosts. However, today’s communication is characterized by the growing levels of mobility that devices are seeking. And thus, it is worth mentioning that the mobile wireless devices and the service end points in today’s communication have outnumbered fixed end hosts with increasing levels of mobility. And therefore, it has a requirement of seamless support for mobility, and it is indeed a growing challenge to address this problem within the Internet community. Mobility has been addressed either within a limited environment (like a cellular network) or are inefficient when applied to the Internet (such as a MobileIP). Still, it is looking for scalable approaches to support mobility with the growing demand of mobile devices generating Internet data or the things looking for Internet connectivity.
The Internet and TCP/IP
Published in Goff Hill, The Cable and Telecommunications Professionals' Reference, 2012
Besides encapsulating transport layer packets, IP can encapsulate existing IP datagrams (a form of intralayer encapsulation); hence a new IP datagram is created with the existing IP datagram encapsulated within its data field. Mobile IP is an important application of this, where a mobile host is associated with both its original primary address and the secondary address of its new physical location. Datagrams that arrive destined for the primary address are intercepted by an agent, which encapsulates them via IP-in-IP, before sending them to the secondary address.
Routing in Wireless Self-Organizing Networks
Published in Mohamed Ibnkahla, Adaptation and Cross Layer Design in Wireless Networks, 2018
Marcelo Dias de Amorim, Farid Benbadis, Mihail S. Sichitiu, Aline Carneiro Viana, Yannis Viniotis
Routing in such a context is challenging. In the Internet community, Mobile IP supports routing for mobile hosts [1, 43]. The Mobile IP solution works well if there exists a fixed routing infrastructure supporting the concept of “home agent,” which stores location information of mobile nodes. Nevertheless, if all nodes, including home agents, are able to move, such a strategy cannot be directly applied.
Software-Defined Networking Techniques to Improve Mobile Network Connectivity: Technical Review
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2018
Mobile IP is a protocol that requires a home agent (HA) to tunnel packets to MN's Care-of Address (CoA) whenever MN leaves the HA. A CoA is assigned to MN when MN leaves HA and the address will be mapped with Home Address (HoA) of MN in order to locate MN. However, triangle routing might occur because all packets from corresponding node (CN) have to pass HA to get to MN even though MN is just next to CN. This incurs heavy load on HA and waste of resources. Table 1 compares the solutions proposed as well as infrastructures used for testing their performance. As shown in Table 1, in several research works, the logically centralized controller is utilized to solve the triangle routing issue found in mobile IP.