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The Era of High-Performance Networks
Published in James Aweya, Designing Switch/Routers, 2023
The primary benefit of higher Gigabit Ethernet speeds to the desktop is improved response time for client/server and peer-to-peer applications that may involve burst transfers of large blocks of data. Beyond improved response time, the use of higher Gigabit Ethernet speeds provides the network headroom that can accommodate the diverse bandwidth and latency requirements of the widening range of applications and edge devices.
Web Based Building Automation Controls and Energy Information Systems
Published in Barney L. Capehart, Timothy Middelkoop, Paul J. Allen, David C. Green, Handbook of Web Based Energy Information and Control Systems, 2020
Paul J. Allen, David C. Green, Steve Tom, Jim Lewis
The Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) developed the first experimental Ethernet system in the early 1970s. Today, Ethernet is the most widely used local area network (LAN) technology. The original and most popular version of Ethernet supports a data transmission rate of 10 Mb/s. Newer versions of Ethernet called “Fast Ethernet” and “Gigabit Ethernet” support data rates of 100 Mb/s and 1 Gb/s (1000 Mb/s). Ten-gigabit Ethernet provides up to 10 billion bits per second.
Web-based Building Automation Controls and Energy Information Systems
Published in Barney L. Capehart, Wayne C. Turner, William J. Kennedy, Guide to Energy Management, 2020
Barney L. Capehart, Wayne C. Turner, William J. Kennedy
Ethernet: The Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) developed the first experimental Ethernet system in the early 1970s. Today, Ethernet is the most widely used local area network (LAN) technology. The original and most popular version of Ethernet supports a data transmission rate of 10 Mb/s. Newer versions of Ethernet called “Fast Ethernet” and “Gigabit Ethernet” support data rates of 100 Mb/s and 1 Gb/s (1000 Mb/s).
Performance Analysis of Radio Over Fiber System Employing Photonics Antenna and Different Modulation Schemes
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Wireless local area network (WLAN) is a very famous and popular technology in today’s world of communication. The technology of wireless, as well as wired networks, is a major solution to the intensely growing demand of bandwidth [1]. It is one of the most important ways to attain good broadband services and thus backhaul is used to deliver the required bandwidth to the customers [2]. Backhaul is basically a term which is used in telecommunication to connect the core network with the smaller sub-networks. For wireless backhaul extension of fiber network, it is needed to convert baseband optical fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) to baseband electrical signal. After that, it needs formatting with WLAN and WiMAX protocol to form the radio frequency (RF) wireless signal which is radiated using antenna resonating at a particular frequency. With the extension of optical fiber backhaul network, it becomes possible for WLAN signal to coexist with Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and UWB signal in optical fiber.
An investigation of hydrogen/methane premixed flame propagation in a tube with copper foam
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Yulong Duan, Fengying Long, Shuo Wang, Hongfu Mi
The downstream outlet of the tube is closed by PVC film before the premixed gas is entered. Yu et al. (Yu et al. 2018). proved that PVC film had no effect on the explosion flame and only played a role in safe pressure relief. The premixed gas equivalence ratio ϕ = 1 and the hydrogen volume fraction φ = 0, 20%, 40%, 60, 80% for the entry tube. Equivalence ratio ϕ = ((F/A))/(F/A)stoic, φ = VH2/(VH2 + VCH4). In the process of ventilation, four times volume exhaust method is used to replace the impurities in the tube to ensure the accuracy of the experiment. The High-speed camera resolution is 704 × 304, the sampling frequency is 10000 fps, the exposure time is 99 μs, and EDR is 0. The data transfer with computers via Gigabit Ethernet. The experiment projects are shown in Figure 3. The experiment is repeated 3–5 times for each group of conditions to ensure the accuracy of the results.
Blockchain-based ubiquitous manufacturing: a secure and reliable cyber-physical system
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2020
Ali Vatankhah Barenji, Zhi Li, W. M. Wang, George Q. Huang, David A. Guerra-Zubiaga
Each end user or service provider has an account on the BCUM, and to request services or provide services on the platform, each user uses a two-step verification process and must provide real information and validation. Figure 9 shows the developed. We used Hyperledger open-source blockchain technologies and a Web server and client browser for BCUM. To develop the proposed pBFT and the mining nodes we used Java 1.6, together with communication channels for implementation through the Java NIO library. We deployed a consortium blockchain residing on multiple virtual machines running Ubuntu 14.04.6 LTS in an OpenStack environment. Each virtual machine has two virtual CPU cores, 4 GB of memory and 10 GB of persistent storage. Elastic search was used to store block-related information. The behaviour of network monitored by the Python Web3 Library. All developed virtual machines linked together in a low-latency network that customised on demand request. In the platform mining nodes used a single gigabit Ethernet switch. Therefore, the communication round-trip time between each two nodes is less than 1 ms, on average. Linux traffic control used to present delays to emulate high latency in network. Figure 8 illustrates the step-by-step process for end users to request services and shows how the block is developed on the network for each end user.