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Hydrologie Data Models
Published in Praveen Kumar, Jay Alameda, Peter Bajcsy, Mike Folk, Momcilo Markus, Hydroinformatics: Data Integrative Approaches in Computation, Analysis, and Modeling, 2005
Benjamin L. Ruddell, Praveen Kumar
Metadata standards underlie the communication of data in distributed systems. They are transparent to the user of a database, data model, and web service, but they make communication of queries and data possible by standardizing the structure and meaning of metadata. Currently the most important metadata standards for geospatial data are the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC), Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata, and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19115 Metadata Standard. Data interoperability requires that geospatial data models are compatible with these metadata standards. Extensible Markup Language (XML) is now universally utilized to communicate structured metadata.
Requirements for geo-locating transnational infrastructure BIM models
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2020
Š. Markič, A. Borrmann, G. Windischer, R.W. Glatzl, M. Hofmann, K. Bergmeister
Markič et al. (2018) critically evaluate the IFC schema and its capability to store geospatial metadata. With the introduction of BIM-based exchanges of digital models the handling of this metadata needs to be addressed in the processes and correctly incorporated in the models. They argue that the current official version (IFC4) provides sufficient support for the typical case occurring in the majority of projects. However, based on two recent real-world infrastructure projects the implementation is rendered insufficient. They propose a solution by extending the IFC schema to support such peculiarities with the inclusion of grid shift parameter sets.
Requirements for geo-locating transnational infrastructure BIM models
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2019
Š. Markič, A. Borrmann, G. Windischer, R.W. Glatzl, M. Hofmann, K. Bergmeister
Markič et al. (2018) critically evaluate the IFC schema and its capability to store geospatial metadata. With the introduction of BIM-based exchanges of digital models the handling of this metadata needs to be addressed in the processes and correctly incorporated in the models. They argue that the current official version (IFC4) provides sufficient support for the typical case occurring in the majority of projects. However, based on two recent real-world infrastructure projects the implementation is rendered insufficient. They propose a solution by extending the IFC schema to support such peculiarities with the inclusion of grid shift parameter sets.
Current status and future directions of geoportals
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2020
Hao Jiang, John van Genderen, Paolo Mazzetti, Hyeongmo Koo, Min Chen
Geoportal common functionalities include a metadata registry, data discovery through a catalogue service, data visualization, and data access. A geospatial metadata catalogue provides data descriptions in terms of metadata (e.g. contributor, data type, language, contact point, keywords, and dataset identifiers for data localization and indexing). In addition, the metadata catalogue is often used for implementing harmonized data discovery. Since users are typically interested in finding datasets matching specific constraints, the data discovery functionality is one of the basic functions that geoportals offer. Specifically, geoportals providing data discovery generally allow searching datasets along the who, when, where and what axes, that is, by geo-location (where), data provider (who), time range (when), thematic layer, and keywords (what). The user interface provides graphical tools, like a bounding box on a map, to set spatial and temporal constraints. Moreover, users can be directed to a gazetteer, a thesaurus, or other knowledge bases for better scoping their query. Various approaches have been developed to enhance geoportal search capabilities, e.g. the use of thesauri, ontologies, and semantic text matching algorithms (Wang, Gong, and Wu 2007; Santoro et al. 2012).