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The Cybernetics of Safety
Published in David O'Hare, Introduction to Safety Science, 2022
Gregory Bateson, a British anthropologist educated (need you ask) at Cambridge University in the UK, later moved to the United States, where he became famous for several things including marrying the extremely famous anthropologist Margaret Mead as well as proposing the double-bind theory of communication. Made famous by ‘Catch-22', a double-bind is a paradoxical communication where one part of the communication is in direct contradiction to another part. In the novel ‘Catch-22', the double-bind is that to be eligible for discharge from active service you have to be insane but to want to be discharged proves that you must, in fact, be sane. Bateson was part of the group that debated and developed cybernetic ideas and applied the ideas of homeostasis and feedback loops to ideas in anthropology. He coined the memorable definition of information as ‘a difference which makes a difference'.
From Rationality to ETTOing
Published in Erik Hollnagel, The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off, 2009
The term ‘double-bind’ describes a situation in which someone, an individual or group, receives two or more conflicting messages such that one message effectively negates the other. It follows that the response can be classified as wrong, whatever it is. The term was used by the anthropologist Gregory Bateson (1904–1980), and described in his 1972 book Steps to an Ecology of Mind (University of Chicago Press).
An activity theory perspective on contradictions in flipped mathematics classrooms at the university level
Published in International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2020
Helge Fredriksen, Said Hadjerrouit
The principle of contradiction in AT has several characterizations in the research literature. It is associated with terms such as tension, misalignment, dichotomy, opposition, or similar words without defining them theoretically [20]. Contradictions have been viewed as problems, conflicts, clashes, breakdowns, ruptures, or tensions [21 p. 3, 22 p. 34, 23 p. 83]. Barab et al. [2] use the terms ‘system dualities’ and ‘systemic tensions’ and Murphy and Rodriguez-Manzanares [24] refer to a contradiction as opposition between two propositions. Likewise, Engeström and Sannino [20 p. 368] use terms such as opposite, dichotomy, paradox, conflict, dilemma, and double bind.