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Chemical Imaging with Fluorescent Nanosensors
Published in Klaus D. Sattler, st Century Nanoscience – A Handbook, 2020
Seren Hamsici, Robert Nißler, Florian A. Mann, Daniel Meyer, Sebastian Kruss
Chemical imaging allows to investigate the chemical composition of a sample (Figure 6.2). Vibrational spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy-based imaging offers a fast and nondestructive approach to fingerprint the chemical composition of samples such as different types of biological cells (Rosch et al. 2005).
In situ characterizations for EPS-involved microprocesses in biological wastewater treatment systems
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2019
Peng Zhang, Bo Feng, You-Peng Chen, You-Zhi Dai, Jin-Song Guo
The microbe species, structure and components of microbial aggregates are heterogeneous, and the EPS-involved microprocesses are also in homogeneity. Chemical imaging modalities, such as mass spectrometry imaging, confocal scanning laser microscopy and Raman imaging, can map the two-dimensional and three-dimensional distributions of target substances, and can visualize the spatial function of EPS in microbial aggregates (Ding et al., 2016; Louvet et al., 2017). Furthermore, single-cell imaging can be used to visualize EPS production, EPS distribution, and analyze EPS-involved chemical and biochemical processes in the extracellular microenvironment, thus minimizing the extraneous factor disturbance and obtaining a precise result. Mass spectrometry imaging is a powerful and promised technique for mapping the distributions of the EPS and substrate with subcellular resolution (Ding et al., 2016). The development of this technique can produce insights into monitoring of the uptake of microbes to the substrate via EPS, the adhesion of EPS to a surface and quantifying the secretion of EPS under environmental stress at a single-cell scale.