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Effective use of underground space for sustainable cities
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2020
S.W. Chiu, K.H. Lai, K.W. Cho, S.P. Lai
With proper planning and design, they can also release new recreational green space for local communities. To reduce the visual impact and have a better control on the pollutant emission and noise emission, underground tunnel network becomes more popular although the construction cost is much higher than the service road network. With the advance in traffic control technology as well as the control of the tunnel ventilation system, long tunnel with various slip roads becomes more common to enhance the traffic flow. In some projects, long tunnels are interconnected or even constructed with slip tunnels which connected to underground carpark or bus terminus.
Effective use of underground space for sustainable cities
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2019
S.W. Chiu, K.H. Lai, K.W. Cho, S.P. Lai
With proper planning and design, they can also release new recreational green space for local communities. To reduce the visual impact and have a better control on the pollutant emission and noise emission, underground tunnel network becomes more popular although the construction cost is much higher than the service road network. With the advance in traffic control technology as well as the control of the tunnel ventilation system, long tunnel with various slip roads becomes more common to enhance the traffic flow. In some projects, long tunnels are interconnected or even constructed with slip tunnels which connected to underground carpark or bus terminus.
Mass flow during fire experiments in a model-scale mine drift with longitudinal ventilation
Published in Mining Technology, 2020
Lee et al. (1979) studied the interaction between duct fires and ventilation flow in terms of fire throttling effects and backlayering. Mass flow rates, velocities, pressures, and temperatures in a model tunnel network were obtained before and during fires at various ventilation air velocities. An exhaust fan was used during the experiments to provide a longitudinal ventilation flow. It was found that the fires increased the flow resistances of the ducts through fuel mass injection and high temperatures. The ventilation velocity was found to be throttled to less than half of its initial value prior to the fire. When the fan was maintained at a constant speed, the mass flow rate was found to decrease by 50% due to the throttling effect of the fire. When increasing the ventilation velocity, it was found that the throttling effect increased as the increase in ventilation velocity caused an increase in the fire growth and heat release rate.
Assessment of Excavated Tunnels Stability in the Maya Archeological Area of Copán, Honduras
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2023
F. Pires, E. Bilotta, A. Flora, P. B. Lourenço
The current paper addresses the stability of the tunnels under the Hieroglyphic Stairway Temple, at the northern part of the Acropolis, given its importance and because a detailed geometrical characterization of the underground tunnel network is available (Figure 3). In this area, the tunnels were progressively excavated in time through Esmeralda (Figure 4), a large earthen based volume built around the year AD 700, that would later become the supporting platform for the Hieroglyphic Stairway Temple (Sharer et al. 1999).
Optimal transient network rehabilitation using multi-objective ant colony optimization algorithm
Published in Urban Water Journal, 2018
Hamdy A. El-Ghandour, Amgad S. Elansary
In the present study a multi-objective ant colony optimization (MOACO) model is originally developed, using layer classification technique, to deal with multi-objective optimization of WDNs under both steady-state and transient considerations. The model is verified through its application on the well-known New York City tunnel network. Then, it has been applied on a real WDN in New Cairo district designed in steady-state condition to minimize both the additional design cost and SDPF.