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Zero-Waste in the Global Cities
Published in Atiq Zaman, Tahmina Ahsan, Zero-Waste, 2019
Local governments – namely, city councils – are responsible for collecting household waste and taking it to recycling and disposal sites in Adelaide. In general, local councils provide two types of waste bins: a general waste bin that goes to landfills and a recycling bin that goes to transfer stations and recovery centres. Recently, a number of councils in Adelaide have started to provide three bins to their residents; however, the service has not yet covered the whole metropolitan Adelaide area (currently available in 9 city councils out of 19 metropolitan city councils). Waste bins are collected and transported by waste collection vehicles. There are 14 medium-to large-scale transfer stations operating in metropolitan areas of Adelaide (SA-EPA, 1999). Currently, it is mandatory to collect and return waste to the transfer stations before being deposited to landfills to maximize resource recovery and recycling. After sorting and processing in the transfer stations, waste is sent to landfills.
Airborne Microorganisms in A Domestic Waste Transfer Station
Published in Michael Muilenberg, Harriet Burge, Aerobiology, 2018
Irma Rosas, Carmen Calderón, Eva Salinas, John Lacey
The site used in this study was a roofed waste transfer station without walls, “Central de Abastos,” situated in the northeastern part of Mexico City (Figure 1). The site covers an area of about 900 m2, where about 2000 tons of waste per day are handled. The area surrounding the station is almost flat, with prevailing wind from the northeast. There is open pasture with small trees to the south and the west, and residential areas to the north and the east. Waste is collected from domestic and commercial premises and taken to the transfer station in specially designed vehicles. At the station the waste is compacted into bulk containers for transport to landfill sites.
Evaluation of Water and Its Contaminants
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
Landfills are engineered areas where waste is placed into the land. Landfills usually have liner systems and other safeguards to prevent pollution of groundwater. Energy Recovery from Waste is the conversion of nonrecyclable waste materials into usable heat, electricity, or fuel. Combustion MSW is done to reduce the amount of landfill space needed. Transfer Stations are facilities where municipal solid waste is unloaded from collection vehicles and briefly held while it is reloaded onto larger long-distance transport vehicles for shipment to landfills or other treatment or disposal facilities (Figure 3.9).
The feasibility of renewable energy recovery from municipal solid wastes in Palestine based on different scenarios
Published in Biofuels, 2023
Wael A. Salah, Mai Abuhelwa, Abdelrahim Abusafa, Mohammed JK. Bashir
In Palestine, there are five landfills, which are located in Jenin, Bethlehem, and Jericho, in addition to two landfills in the Gaza Strip. Figure 5 shows the location of landfills in Palestine and the total amount of MSW received. The scope of the analysis of different scenarios in this study is based on these landfills. In addition, the data collected from these landfills are used to estimate energy consumption.Palestine mainly consists of 14 governorates, and each has local government units (LGUs), which include either municipalities, village councils, or project committees. These institutions are responsible for the MSW's collection, transportation, and disposal. MSW management primarily entails collecting waste from cities and villages as arranged by local government units. Some of these wastes are moved to transfer stations and then moved to the main landfill. These operations are summarized in Table 2.
Status, characterization, and quantification of municipal solid waste as a measure towards effective solid waste management: The case of Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2022
Workineh Mengesha Fereja, Dereje Diriba Chemeda
The waste should normally be stored at the source of waste generation until collected for its disposal. Table 4, shows that 46.7% of the total 152 respondent households store their solid waste in sacks, 34.9% deposited in plastic bags locally known as Madaberia. During the focus group discussions, they disclose households use sacks and plastic bags to store solid waste because of the cost-effectiveness, availability, and suitability for holding and transporting a large volume of solid waste. As Table 4 shows, 13.2% of the households store their solid wastes in homestead yards, open spaces, near roadsides, and vacant areas, in open sewers, banks of rivers, and around buildings near their homes. Others use carton boxes (3.9%) and metallic barrel (1.3%) to store the solid waste they generate. This makes the waste collection system difficult. The study shows the households dispose 79.8% of solid waste in an uncontrolled and unplanned dump sites (along the roadside near residential buildings), which sprawls over an outsized area and this affects the encompassing scenery which makes the environment filthy. There is no habit of waste storage; instead, the wastes are thrown on the streets, treating the streets as a receptacle of waste. The inefficiency of the open transfer stations creates major problems to the environment; this puts the health of the inhabitants at risk. And pollute the air by releasing greenhouse gases and water runoff that ends up in the water supply system.
Municipal solid waste management and greenhouse gas emission control through an inexact optimization model under interval and random uncertainties
Published in Engineering Optimization, 2018
Jie Wu, Chi Ma, DeZheng Zhang, Ye Xu
Figure 3 shows the operational process of the MSW management system in Huangshan district. (This district can be divided into three blocks.) First, the domestic waste generated in each block is collected and transported to regulated stations using a poor mixed collection, rather than advanced classification. Next, the collected waste is conveyed to designated transfer stations in vehicles, where each block is associated with its respective station. Finally, the waste is allocated to the landfill site, located in the Xing village, or the incinerator, located in the northern part of Huangshan district. The landfill is used not only to dispose of the waste sourced from the three blocks, but also to receive the residue generated in the incinerator. The current waste management scheme is hardly capable of meeting the requirements of waste treatment and GHG control. In many cases, the waste treatment pattern is designed and implemented based on subjective empirical judgements, without any support from system analysis techniques. The optimization model is suitable for tackling this problem.