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The Baseline
Published in Karlheinz Spitz, John Trudinger, Mining and the Environment, 2019
Karlheinz Spitz, John Trudinger
It is important that baseline studies are designed and implemented so as to identify the presence or absence of rare or endangered species that may be affected by project activities (see Chapter Ten). Each country maintains its own register of protected species, while the International Union for Nature Conservation (IUCN) in its Red Data Book and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) in its Appendices, maintain lists of endangered, vulnerable, threatened, and near-threatened species. Compiling a list of such species from these sources is a straightforward process. The next step is to review the relevant biological literature to evaluate the distribution and habitat data for each species so that its potential presence in the area of interest can be assessed. The biological field programme is then designed to specifically target each species identified as potentially present. It helps if the biologists involved already have experience in similar environments as they will know what to expect and the most effective techniques for establishing the presence or absence of particular species. It should be realized that failure of field programmes to identify the presence of a particular species does not necessarily prove that the species is absent.
Environmental Legislation and Regulations
Published in G. Mattney Cole, Assessment and Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sites, 2018
Protection of wildlife The Endangered Species Act of 1973 — requires that all federal agencies must take active steps to conserve endangered and threatened species, including both flora and fauna; and prohibits the harm, harassment, trade, or capture of endangered or threatened species. Acts to protect individual species or groups include the following: The Migratory Bird Conservation Act of 1929;The Bald Eagle Protection Act of 1940;The Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1962;The Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1962;The Anadromous Fish Conservation Act of 1965;The Wild Horse and Burro Protection Act of 1971;The Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972.
Ecological Investigation, Protection, and Restoration
Published in Benjamin Alter, Environmental Consulting Fundamentals, 2019
Of special consideration when assessing ecosystems are threatened and endangered species, which are protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (see Chapter 3) and state equivalents. Endangered species are plants and animals that have become so rare that they are in danger of becoming extinct. Threatened species are plants and animals that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range (see Figure 12.9 for an example of a threatened species). The Endangered Species Act provides all of its protections to endangered species, and many but not all of its protections to threatened species. The USFWS has the authority to determine which protections should apply to each threatened species.
Selecting safe zone for threatened species conservation: a case study of a watershed in the southern Philippines
Published in Annals of GIS, 2023
John Aries G. Tabora, Rico C. Ancog, Patricia Ann J. Sanchez, Mark Dondi M. Arboleda, Ireneo L. Lit, Cristino L. Tiburan
Threatened species are species whose population is at risk of extinction (DENR Admin Order 2004–15). These threatened species became indicators for the selection of conservation areas (Villamor et al. 2008), and even the determination of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) in the Philippines and other parts of the world (Dudley 2014; IUCN 2016; Mallari, Tabaranza, and Crosby 2001). Terrestrial vertebrates are usually the priority for conservation because of their vulnerability to environmental perturbations and socio-economic functions (Ambal 2012). Providing a natural habitat for threatened vertebrate species is required to keep their survival rate high.
A comprehensive approach to scenario-based risk management for Arctic waters
Published in Ship Technology Research, 2022
Martin Bergström, Thomas Browne, Sören Ehlers, Inari Helle, Hauke Herrnring, Faisal Khan, Jan Kubiczek, Pentti Kujala, Mihkel Kõrgesaar, Bernt Johan Leira, Tuuli Parviainen, Arttu Polojärvi, Mikko Suominen, Rocky Taylor, Jukka Tuhkuri, Jarno Vanhatalo, Brian Veitch
Studies on the ecological or environmental sensitivity to oil consider other ecological attributes as well, such as threatened species and habitats and protected areas. A threatened species is one that is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild (IUCN 2021). Even if such species were not highly sensitive to oil per se, if already imperilled, they may nevertheless be severely affected by an oil spill. Correspondingly, specific areas are protected because of their recognized ecological or other values. In many countries, both threatened species and protected areas are protected by law.