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Introduction to Structural Design
Published in Ashwani Bedi, Ramsey Dabby, Structure for Architects, 2019
Whatever the structural system and however it may be expressed, the structure must be designed to satisfy the conditions of stability, strength, serviceability, economy, and sustainability—not only as a whole, but also for its individual components. With a good general understanding of how structural members behave under load, the Reader is ready to undertake their design. The structural design of a member simply means the selection of an appropriate material and cross-sectional shape to safely and economically resist the load demands, to which the member will be subjected.
Towards a design framework for the structural systems of tall buildings that considers embodied greenhouse gas emissions
Published in Paulo J.S. Cruz, Structures and Architecture: Bridging the Gap and Crossing Borders, 2019
J. Helal, A. Stephan, R.H. Crawford
A structural system is an arrangement of structural elements (e.g. columns, beams, walls and slabs) capable of resisting loads. Tall buildings are generally composed of three structural sub-systems: a lateral load resisting system (LLRS), which predominantly resists wind and earthquake loads, a vertical load resisting system (VLRS), which predominantly resists gravity loads, and a foundation system, which transfers all of the loads to the ground (Ali and Moon, 2018). Due to the high influence of lateral loads on the structural design of tall buildings, this paper classifies structural systems of tall buildings based on their lateral load-resisting systems. Twelve structural systems for tall buildings were identified by this study, including shear wall, outrigger and belt, framed tube and diagrid.
Trends Toward Advanced Analysis
Published in W. F. Chen, S. Toma, Advanced Analysis of Steel Frames, 1994
J. Y. Richard Liew, W. F. Chen
One basic requirement of an advanced analysis method is that it must be applicable to a wide range of structural problems. The possible types of structural components that may be included in the analysis of a structural system consist of (1) beams; (2) columns; (3) beam-columns; (4) connections; (5) joints; (6) stiffeners; (7) struts or bracing members; (8) members employed primarily for shear transfer, such as shear links in eccentrically braced frames; (9) transfer girders or trusses employed for transmission of gravity loads to alternate column lines; (10) structural walls; (11) floor slabs; and (12) secondary systems such as cladding and partitions, among others. However, in practice, many of these types of components would not be included in the analysis of the overall structural system.
A comparative study of empirical and analytical fragility functions for the assessment of tsunami building damage in Tumaco, Colombia
Published in Coastal Engineering Journal, 2020
Juan Paez-Ramirez, Juan Lizarazo-Marriaga, Sergio Medina, Martin Estrada, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura
After defining the damage ranking, the buildings must be classified according to their structural type. Depending on the region analyzed, in general, the most common building structural systems are those made of reinforced concrete, masonry or wood. This paper is only focused on analyzing and comparing the damage fragility functions of reinforced concrete buildings. As shown before, the engineering demand parameter (EPD) is crucial to building fragility functions, and it varies according to the available data. Normally, the flow depth is used as this parameter; however, the current velocity and the hydrodynamic force are other options much less used. From field surveys, the flow depth could be directly determined; however, when those data cannot be directly extracted from the field, they can also be determined by running tsunami numerical models (Murao and Nakazato 2010).
Introduction
Published in Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance, 2018
Tasks in structural and construction engineering field often require significant amounts of computation. Computing methods enable accurate analysis and design of structural members in a relatively short time period, which is super helpful when structural systems or members are getting more varied and complex. Additionally, construction engineering deals with a wide spectrum of information such as materials, equipment, labor, and specifications for the analysis of planning, cost estimation, and inspection. Given the complexity and wide spectrum of modern projects, innovations in computing introduced to the field of structural and construction engineering are believed to have enhanced work efficiency, advance accuracy and productivity, and help decision-making.