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Insights into conceptualizing and modelling human-flood interactions
Published in Yared Abayneh Abebe, Modelling Human-Flood Interactions, 2021
One of the challenges in socio-hydrology is developing common frameworks that specify a comprehensive set of elements, and relationships among them, to conceptualize and analyse socio-hydrologic problems (Konar et al., 2019). The CLAIM framework is a step forward in addressing the challenge, specifically, in structuring and modelling the human-flood interaction. CLAIM consists of five general elements to describe human-flood interactions and sets out the relationships between the elements. It provides a methodology to uniformly structure and model FRM issues in different case studies. The coupled ABM-flood models in both the Sint Maarten and the Wilhelmsburg cases followed a similar conceptualization procedure using the framework. Moreover, CLAIM can be used as a prototype to conceptualize the interaction of humans with other hydro-meteorological hazards. For example, in a human-drought interaction study, one way of adapting CLAIM is by quantifying hydrological aspects such as rainfall, evapotranspiration, soil moisture content and groundwater level in the physical processes and by changing the environment to agricultural fields including irrigation schemes. The institutions addressed in such a case would be, for example, water use and water allocation policies, crop diversification policies and traditional rangeland management norms.
Introduction
Published in Md Ruknul Ferdous, Socio-Hydrological Dynamics in Bangladesh, 2020
Such dynamic interactions between society and rivers in floodplain areas have become a topic of research interest (Di Baldassarre et al., 2013a,b). Studies for instance look at how constructing flood control measures or changing land-use patterns alter the frequency and severity of floods. As Di Baldassarre et al., (2013a,b) argue, however, the dynamic interactions and associated feedback mechanisms between hydrological and social processes remain unexplored and poorly understood. Indeed, there is a lack of understanding on how and to what extent hydrological processes influence or trigger changes in social processes and vice-versa. To address this gap in knowledge, Sivapalan et al., (2012) have proposed the new science of socio-hydrology. Socio-hydrology proposes to study the two-way coupling of human and water systems with the aim of advancing the science of hydrology for the benefit of society (Montanari et al., 2013). This research takes inspiration from and aims to advance socio-hydrology. It focusses on the two-way interactions between society and water in the Jamuna floodplain in Bangladesh.
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Published in Seleshi Getahun Yalew, Integrated Modeling of Land and Water Resources in two African Catchments, 2018
Changes in LULC involve complex socio-economic and biophysical processes: drivers and rates of changes in LULC are different from location to location, and from society to society. The use of static LULC map in hydrologic models as an input to simulating hydrologic responses ignores the fact that LULC is essentially dynamic. Catchment hydrology is, therefore, affected by direct or indirect changes in LULC and associated anthropogenic effects. Direct and indirect effects of natural and human-induced changes in LULC that can affect hydrology include river morphology (roughness), leaf area index, surface resistance, runoff curve number (CN), and rooting depth; all of which are important parameters in hydrologic modelling (Tang, 2016). Recent developments in interdisciplinary socioenvironmental study related to land and water, known as ‘socio-hydrology’ (Elshafei et al., 2015; Gober and Wheater, 2015; Sivapalan et al., 2014), has highlighted the importance of anthropogenic effects on hydrology via proxies such as land-use. Socio-hydrology brings an interest in human values, markets, social organizations and public policy to the traditional emphasis of water science on climate and hydrology. As much as we believe this is an interesting development, the process-response representation of LULC changes in many hydrologic models employed for such analysis is still simplistic. LULC is taken either as a static input or as one that may be, depending on the design of the particular hydrologic model used for the analysis, set to change statistically. Thus, hydrologic responses to dynamic LULC are not well investigated in general, and in the Abbay (Upper Blue Nile) basin in particular.
The Iowa Watersheds Project: Iowa's prototype for engaging communities and professionals in watershed hazard mitigation
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2018
Larry J. Weber, Marian Muste, A. Allen Bradley, Antonio Arenas Amado, Ibrahim Demir, Chad W. Drake, Witold F. Krajewski, Tony J. Loeser, Marcela S. Politano, Breanna R. Shea, Nicholas W. Thomas
The gap between science and society has actually triggered the formation of socio-hydrology, a new science supporting investigations in the water-related areas (Sivapalan et al. 2012). Socio-hydrology implies a close collaboration between hydrological and social scientists that requires a wholesale rethinking of how these two sciences have to interact to provide actionable science for decision-making. Still, scientific knowledge produced in isolation by a group of scientists will rarely be the only information that informs decision- and policy-makers. Changing the current status quo in water-related decision- and policy-making will require a genuine dialogue between scientists and communities.
A coupled-systems framework for reducing health risks associated with private drinking water wells
Published in Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressources hydriques, 2019
Stephanie Di Pelino, Corinne Schuster-Wallace, Paul D. Hynds, Sarah E. Dickson-Anderson, Anna Majury
Socio-hydrology was first introduced by Sivapalan et al. (2012) as a term to describe the feedback loops between hydrological and social processes to better address the aspects of human alteration of water systems, as this had previously been ignored. Socio-hydrology researchers have branded this discipline the ‘science of people and water’, a discipline intended to provide an understanding of the ‘co-evolution of coupled human–water systems’ (Sivapalan et al. 2012, p. 1271). Again, health is not an explicit domain of socio-hydrology. Socio-hydrology is conceptually derived from classical sociological and ecological theories (Pande and Sivapalan 2017). However, socio-hydrology separates itself from these theories and case-specific research, such as integrated water resources management. It draws from scenario-based studies, but rather than providing solutions to water management issues, socio-hydrology utilizes social and physical dimensions within predictive models to better understand the coupled system (Sivapalan and Blöschl 2015). However, the complexity of studying the co-evolution of human processes over time and spatially relevant scales to construct models is still not well understood in socio-hydrology’s application (Troy et al. 2015). Socio-hydrology distinguishes itself by attempting to understand the co-evolution of humans and water systems by capturing these interactions through mathematical equations in the form of predictive models for hypothesis generation (Sivapalan and Blöschl 2015). However, upon analysis of the current existing socio-hydrologic models, Troy et al. (2015) determined that these models must do more than generate hypotheses. Rather, they must ‘become formal quantitative tools that can be used for hypothesis testing and for general advancement of the foundations of socio-hydrology’ (Sivapalan, 2015, p. 4804).