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Rock fall impact analysis of a new design of R.C. rock-shed
Published in Günther Meschke, René de Borst, Herbert Mang, Nenad Bićanić, Computational Modelling of Concrete Structures, 2020
Y. Zhang, F. Toutlemonde, P. Lussou
Rock fall can cause serious damage to the civil structures such as railways and roads. The protective methods can be classified into two types: active protections and passive protections. Among the passive protections, rock-shed is especially used to resist frequent and violent rock fall impacts. Traditional rock-shed design requires a thick absorbing layer at the top. Although it simplifies well structural analysis from dynamic to static, it increases also structural permanent weight. In order to save materials and simplify design and construction of such highly demanded structures, a new type of rock-shed named Structurally Dissipating Rock-shed (SDR) (Tonello 2003) has been invented in France, which is made of a reinforced concrete slab held up by specific metallic fuse supports.
Consideration of maximum impact force design for a rock shed against dry granular flow
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2022
Chun Liu, Zhixiang Yu, Shichun Zhao
Dry granular flow produced by landslides or mountain collapses frequently occurs in mountainous areas in western China, and its volume ranges from several tens to thousands of cubic meters (Jiang et al., 2018a; Yu et al., 2019a). Moreover, the formed dry granular flow can significantly threaten the safety of the residents as well as smooth traffic flow in valleys. For instance, the Wenchuan earthquake caused more than 15,000 geo-hazards in the form of dry granular flows, which resulted in about 20,000 deaths in 2008 (Yin et al., 2009). Rock sheds are regarded as passive protection structures and are widely used to protect against mountain hazards like dry granular flow due to their unique advantage in terms of low construction costs and strong constructability in complex terrain (Kawahara & Muro, 2006; Mommessin et al., 2012). Most rock sheds are made of reinforced concrete structures covered with cushioning material (like sand) to absorb direct impact force (Kishi & Konno, 2003; Yu et al., 2019b); however, large quantities of granular flow can produce great impacts that can ultimately exceed the load-bearing capacity of a rock shed and even punch through the top slab of the shed or destroy the beam–column system (Lo et al., 2016). For example, some rock sheds along National Highway G245 were severely damaged by granular flow events in July 2019. The Zhaiban valley rock shed, located near the Zhaiban valley off the National Highway G245 in the Ganluo county of Western China, is one such case (Figure 1). This rock shed had the approximate dimensions of 150 m-long, 5 m-wide, and 5 m-high, with tires covering its roof to absorb the impact force of the granular flow. About 40,000 m3 of granular flow by landslides caused severe damage to the columns of the rock shed.