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Planning and Preliminary Design of Modern Steel Railway Bridges
Published in John F. Unsworth, Design and Construction of Modern Steel Railway Bridges, 2017
In some cases, it is possible that, due to geotechnical conditions, foundations are recommended to be relocated. This will result in significant changes in the proposed bridge arrangement and should be carefully and comparatively cost estimated. A geotechnical engineer experienced in shallow and deep bridge foundation design and construction should be engaged to manage geotechnical site investigations and provide recommendations for foundation design to the bridge designer.*
Spatiotemporal analysis of 2020 monsoon floods and its impacts along selected reaches of the Padma River, Bangladesh
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2023
Aishia Fyruz Aishi, Khaled Hasan, Khandakar Aurib
Based on the findings of this study, appropriate preventive/ mitigation measures, such as – flood zonation and land use plans, flood-proofing infrastructures in the flood zones, etc. that will contribute to disaster risk reduction, should be taken. Infrastructures of importance affected by floods like – roads, educational and health facilities, etc. should be fortified or made to be accessible even during the floods so that they are still able to provide essential services. To address the gaps in data, a detailed survey of the stable bars of the Padma River is recommended. Settlements affected by floods and riverbank erosion should either be relocated or engineering steps should be taken so that further erosion or flooding cannot cause more harm. Another proactive measure for tackling the impact of riverbank erosion is creating a buffer zone around the erosion-prone areas and preventing settlement and development there. But the most important measure is controlling the river discharge during the monsoon as both flooding and bank erosion are strongly associated with it, and it can only be taken at the policy level.
Taupō volcano’s restless nature revealed by 42 years of deformation surveys, 1979–2021
Published in New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 2022
Peter M. Otway, Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Eleanor R. H. Mestel
As a precaution to guard against the settlement of a pile or the complete loss of a station mark, all stations had at least one additional station mark nearby on a separate structure or rock face, or an extra benchmark of some form. The connections were checked regularly by levelling (either by using a precise level or the simultaneous use of two similar gauges) to ensure stability and as a backup, in case any marks were lost. This proved essential over time, enabling the height of every original station mark to be determined as though the station was still in place even long after it may have been lost, as at most jetties which were structurally altered or replaced at various stages. In addition, two rock face stations were abandoned due to the hazard of falling rocks, but were first connected by lake levelling to new, safer sites in the same general vicinity. Three other stations were also relocated by 200–700 m in the early stages due to an access problem, erosion due to a flood and, in two cases, the construction of a more convenient jetty from which to operate.
Measurement of radioactivity level of oil-contaminated soils around mechanic workshops for environmental impact assessment
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2020
Based on the findings of this study, mechanic workshops should be relocated elsewhere, away from residential areas because mechanic workshops grow in pollution as the size of patronage and the age of establishment grow. Further work such as the assessment of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), polychloride biphenyls (PCB) and heavy metal levels needed to be carried out. Used oils and other wastes should be properly stored and later discharged so as to limit the contamination of the soil. Remediation exercises should be carried out in the mechanic workshops regularly. Prohibition of indiscriminate discharge of used petrochemical oils should be enforced. Continuous monitoring and further studies on the levels of heavy metals and radioactivity level for long-term effects of anthropogenic contributions should be carried out.