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Resources and Processing
Published in C. K. Gupta, Extractive Metallurgy of Molybdenum, 2017
The Climax mine is located in the southern part of the Rocky Mountain cordillera of the western U.S., approximately 21 km north of Leadville, CO. It is operated by the Climax Molybdenum Co. and is one of the oldest and largest molybdenum mines in the world. The deposit consists of a complex dome-shaped mass of fractured, silicified, and mineralized Precambrian granite, gneiss, and schist that generally overlies a composite porphyry stock of quartz monzonite to granite composition, middle Tertiary in age. Molybdenite associated with quartz, pyrite, fluorite, topaz, and lesser amounts of tungsten, scandium, titanium, and tin minerals is dispersed in fracture fillings, in veinlets, and as minute flakes throughout the fractured host rocks, forming a low grade (0.05 to 0.5% Mo) ore body of several thousand feet in smallest dimension. Several commodities, such as tungsten, pyrite, and tin, are recovered as byproducts. The general mineral composition of the ore is given in Table 3. The Climax mine was discovered in 1879 and it is estimated that from the initiation of operation in 1918 until the end of the Second World War in 1945, about 400 million lb of molybdenum were produced here. By now, its overall output has surpassed 1.7 billion lb of molybdenum, which is about 50% of the molybdenum produced in the world so far. The Climax mine thus has occupied and still continues to occupy the top position in the molybdenum business.
Relationships between magmatism and deformation in northern Yorke Peninsula and southeastern Proterozoic Australia
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2018
A. Brotodewo, C. J. Tiddy, A. Reid, C. Wade, C. Conor
A red granite intrudes all phases as a sheeted dyke and is exposed at both high and low reliefs across the study area (Figures 2 and 4c, g, i–j). This phase was also observed at Black Rock and Wallaroo North Beach (Figure 1c). This granite comprises coarse, sub-rounded grains of K-feldspar (40–70 vol%; 1–12 mm), quartz (10–35 vol%; 1–10 mm), amphibole and biotite (5–25 vol% mafics; 1–6 mm) and minor amounts of plagioclase (<5 vol%; 1–2 mm). This composition classifies the granite as an alkali-feldspar granite, and has previously been referred to as a quartz monzonite (Wurst, 1994). Within the high relief outcrops of the alkali-feldspar granite, cavities ranging in size from 3 to 5 mm are preserved (Figures 2b and 4i). Hematite alteration is also evident by the red colouration of the granite.