China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
*
Published in Jamie Bartram, Rachel Baum, Peter A. Coclanis, David M. Gute, David Kay, Stéphanie McFadyen, Katherine Pond, William Robertson, Michael J. Rouse, Routledge Handbook of Water and Health, 2015
During emergencies and disasters, stress, fatigue, and malnourishment, coupled with unsanitary living conditions such as substandard sanitation, inadequate water supplies, inadequate shelter, overcrowding, and poor hygiene, make the population especially vulnerable to disease epidemics (Johns Hopkins, 2008). In addition to putting the population at increased risk from epidemics, natural disasters can cause power failures, damage to water supply and sanitation infrastructure, transportation difficulties, and shortage of personnel. Flooding may result in an excess of excreta being washed out of septic tanks, sewers, and latrine pits into the public environment, or a proliferation of disease vector breeding. Complex emergencies can result in damage to critical public infrastructure (theft, looting, or conflict damage to critical water and sanitation infrastructure) or more importantly mass movements of the civilian population (Adams and Wisner, 2002).
Financing airport PPP
Published in Andy Ricover, Jeffrey Delmon, A Decision-Makers Guide to Public Private Partnerships in Airports, 2019
Ultimately, the cost of infrastructure has to be borne by its users or by taxpayers, current or future (aside from the limited concessionary component of foreign aid). The investments of public infrastructure firms have traditionally been financed from the public budget (through taxation), possibly with a contribution from the enterprises’ retained earnings (from consumers). PPP offers alternatives to attract new sources of private financing and management while maintaining a public presence in ownership and strategic policy-setting. These partnerships can leverage public funds and offer advantages of contracting with well-qualified private enterprises to manage and deliver infrastructure services.
Company relations with communities around the Padcal mine
Published in Minerva Chaloping-March, Social Terrains of Mine Closure in the Philippines, 2017
PMC’s livelihood and employment enhancement initiatives under the SDMP are wide-ranging. Projects include organising new cooperatives as well as reviving and strengthening old ones, seasonal jobs for agroforestry projects, and skills training in auto-mechanic and welding for youth and unemployed men, broom-making and honey-raising for housewives, and bookkeeping and management skills for officers of community cooperatives. The public infrastructure projects include major construction works such as water systems and road works. Smaller projects consist of sealing pavements, footbridges, concreting foot trails, and repairing water pipelines.
Project-focussed literature on public-private partnership (PPP) in developing countries: a critical review
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2022
Ahmad Meile Almeile, Maxwell Chipulu, Udechukwu Ojiako, Ramesh Vahidi, Alasdair Marshall
PPPs have become widely accepted and popular in public sector management (Khanom 2010), especially in the construction industry, for the great advantages they offer (Tang, Shen, and Cheng 2010). Most importantly, this method of procurement has demonstrated several benefits: (i) it has enhanced technology transfer to local enterprises (Li et al. 2005b); (ii) it has offered benefits to local economic development by reducing public sector administration costs and (iii) it has facilitated creative and innovative approaches to implementing projects (Robert, Dansoh, and Ofori-Kuragu 2014). Additionally, it has: (iv) reduced the total project cost (Bing et al. 2005); (v) improved public infrastructure management and maintenance (Li et al. 2005b); (vi) allowed for shared risk (Askar and Gab-Allah 2002) and (vii) saved the state budget from spending its funds on the increasing demands for utilities and public services (Ismail 2013). In developing countries, the advantages of the PPP procurement approach should be particularly salient where structural problems such as meagre public-sector finances, lack of experience, knowledge and expertise are more prominent (Robert, Dansoh, and Ofori-Kuragu 2014; Yang et al. 2016; Le et al. 2021). PPPs can also help redirect state budgets to necessary expenditures such as the increasing demand for utilities and public services (Ismail 2013). Indeed, there appears to be a a predominance of research into PPP construction projects in the developing world. Public sector enthusiasm for PPP can be demonstrated in the amount of its investment in PPP projects.