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Industrial minerals
Published in Francis P. Gudyanga, Minerals in Africa, 2020
Corundum is aluminium oxide (Al2O3) in crystalline form with traces of iron, titanium and chromium [816] exhibiting different colours dependent on impurities present. It occurs as a mineral in mica schist, gneiss and some marbles found in metamorphic terranes. It may also be found in low silica ingenious syenite and nephelenine intrusives, in ultramafic intrusives associated with lamprophyre dikes and pegmatites [817]. It also occurs in low silica igneous syenite and nepheline syenite intrusives. Other occurrences are as masses adjacent to ultramafic intrusives, associated with lamprophyre dikes and as large crystals in pegmatites [817] in stream and beach sands.
Industrial Minerals
Published in Earle A. Ripley, E. Robert Redmann, Adèle A. Crowder, Tara C. Ariano, Catherine A. Corrigan, Robert J. Farmer, L. Moira Jackson, Environmental Effects of Mining, 2018
A. Ripley Earle, Robert E. Redmann, Adèle A. Crowder, Tara C. Ariano, Catherine A. Corrigan, Robert J. Farmer, Earle A. Ripley, E. Robert Redmann, Adèle A. Crowder, Tara C. Ariano, Catherine A. Corrigan, Robert J. Farmer, L. Moira Jackson
Nepheline syenite is mined from an open pit. The ore is crushed and ground to a particle size of about 840 mm, at which point the iron-bearing minerals can be removed by magnetic separators. The resulting product is then sized to standard specifications. It may also be ground more finely if it is to be used in ceramic applications.
Thermal treatment of K-feldspar for potassium recovery using NaCl–CaCl2 mixture and its mechanism study
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2023
Sandeep Kumar Jena, Sabita Mohapatra, Baijayantimala Mohanty, Ambika Prasad Nayak, Suprabha Palatasingh
Potassium is one of the fundamental nutrients for the making of commercial fertilizer. It is required for the growth of plants and for better crop quality and yield. The water-soluble potassic fertilizer is available in two chemical forms, viz., muriate of potash (KCl) and sulfate of potash (K2SO4). The chloride form KCl is comparatively low-cost and have high potassium percent (∼60–63%) as compared with other salt forms. Hence used extensively worldwide for commercial purpose. Besides fertilizer making (90% of the global K produced), many other uses of potassium are found in glass, ceramic, dyes, pigment and pharmaceutical industries (Mansour and Takrouri 2007; Samantray et al. 2022). As per the USGS Report-2020, only few countries majorly contribute to the world potassium production, whereas the whole world requires it for their agricultural growth. In this scenario, many developing countries focus on research for extracting potassium from mineral sources other than conventional potassium sources. The major potassium bearing minerals/rocks are glauconite sandstone, nepheline syenite, feldspar and mica containing potassium in the range 5–17 wt.%.
A review of the geological settings, ages and economic potentials of carbonatites in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Published in Applied Earth Science, 2021
Georges M. Kasay, Anthony T. Bolarinwa, Olawale K. Aromolaran, Charles Nzolang, Vikandy S. Mambo
Bingo is located in North Kivu in DRC at longitude 29.28 and latitude 0.6 (Figure 1). Bingo Complex was discovered in 1958 (Van Wambeke 1960). Boulders of carbonatite are observed in the field, while a fresh outcrop is located north of Mt Home. The carbonatite complex intruded Precambrian orthogneisses and is surrounded by two abundant groups of igneous silicate rocks: ijolites and nepheline syenites (Figure 4; Woolley et al. 1995). The country rocks are quartzite, dolerite and gabbro (Woolley et al. 1995; Kasay 2018). The carbonatite is surrounded by ijolites, nepheline syenite and fenites (Figure 4). These rocks are covered by thick lateritic soils (over 100 m at places), composed of iron oxides, goethite, brooksite, ringwoodite, albite, chlorite, hematite and magnetite (Philippo 1995). The laterites contain other minerals, such as carletonite (KNa4Ca4Si8O18(CO3)4(OH,F)·H2O) and polyhalite (K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4·2H2O) (Kasay 2018).
Production and characterisation of sodium and potassium carbonate salts from carbonation alkaline aluminate liquor
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2021
Shima Barakan, Mehdi Noroozi Ayaluey, Somayeh Shayanfar, Valeh Aghazadeh
The alkaline carbonate solution was obtained from the alumina production unit of the Azarshahr nepheline syenite pilot plant located in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. The solution was prepared by alkaline leaching of sintered nepheline syenite. The measured pH and density of the initial solution at 22°C were 13.63 and 1.11 g/cm3, respectively. To remove the remaining aluminum the solution was treated by injecting carbon dioxide (Matveev et al. 2016). Table 1 shows the chemical analysis of the treated solution. The measured density and pH of the treated solution at 22°C were 10.52 and 1.13 g/cm3, respectively. The analysis shows that the silicon and aluminium concentrations in the treated solution were at an acceptable level.