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The principal characterized features of earth’s crust within regional strike-slip zones
Published in Vladimir Litvinenko, Advances in Raw Material Industries for Sustainable Development Goals, 2020
Aleksei Ageev, Aleksei Egorov, Nikita Krikun
The whole complex of georeferenced and systematized geodata was involved in the data process. The most important source for lineaments analysis was satellite images (combined Landsat and visual model of relief). This image covers all investigated region from the lake of Baikal to coastline of the Okhotsk sea. The key features which we tried to identify were straight sections. Mostly it connected with rivers or specific landscape features. At the next step we conducted a lineament analysis of the initial potential geophysical fields (magnetic and gravity fields). The transformants (horizontal and full gradients) were also calculated and have been analyzed. Results of spatial distribution of the earthquake helped in lineament’s quality. The catalog of seismic events in the south of the Siberian Platform for the period of instrumental observations from 1960 to 2019 was used in research (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019). The mistake in spatial position of earthquake estimates 1-3 km. In that case the earthquakes data plays secondary role in analysis.
Remote sensing based artificial recharge studies — a case study from Precambrian terrain, India
Published in Peter J. Dillon, Management of Aquifer Recharge for Sustainability, 2002
In this model, a number of thematic maps on geology, geomorphology, subsurface geology and water level were generated with the help of remotely sensed data, geophysical data and ground surveys. Aerial photo interpretation was carried out for mapping the rock-soil contact in the basin area. The barren and the vegetative rock exposure, with light tone, medium to coarse texture, high relief hills were identified in the aerial photographs. Obviously, such rocky exposed areas will not be suitable for aquifer recharge and such areas were eliminated in the initial phase of the work. The limbs of the folds, curvilinear structural trends were interpreted from both aerial photographs and satellite imagery. From that the broad third dimensional configuration of structural trend was brought out as anticlines, synclines and basins. In the Precambrian crystalline terrain, the lineaments act as better conduits for groundwater movement (Anbazhagan et al. 1997). Hence, due attention has been given to interpret and study the lineaments in the site selection process. The major lineaments were interpreted from 1RS 1A satellite data and the minor ones were picked out from aerial photographs. The lineament density diagram was prepared and from which the high lineament zone (>500m/ 0.25 sq.km) were considered as favourable areas for artificial recharge.
Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones in Hard Rock Terrain Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) Techniques
Published in Ajai Singh, Wastewater Reuse and Watershed Management, 2019
D. Nandi, P. C. Sahu, S. Goswami
Lineaments are structurally controlled linear or curvilinear surface expression of zones of weakness or structural displacement in the crust of the earth features, which are identified from the satellite imagery by their relatively linear alignments. Lineament density of an area has a major role for the groundwater potential. High lineament density is good for potential groundwater zones. In hard rock terrain lineaments and fractures act as principal conduits in movement and storage of groundwater. In the Rairangpur block, 33% of the area has very low density, 45% has low density, 18% has moderate density, and 2% has high-density lineament (Figures 23.5 and 23.6).
Evaluation of landslide susceptibility in a hill city of Sikkim Himalaya with the perspective of hybrid modelling techniques
Published in Annals of GIS, 2019
Harjeet Kaur, Srimanta Gupta, Surya Parkash, Raju Thapa, Arindam Gupta, G. C. Khanal
Lineaments play a vital role in slope failure (Ramli et al. 2010). Lineaments describe the plane/zone of weakness and most landslides can occur at this weaker zone (Kannan et al. 2013; Thapa et al. 2017a). A regional lineament map is developed from IRS LISS III digital data (5 m resolution). Figure 7(b) shows the lineament density map prepared from lineaments extracted from satellite images. The distance from a lineament is calculated from Euclidean distance in ArcGIS environment, where proximity to lineament density is classified into four major classes namely low, medium, high and very high. The majority of large lineaments follow a NE-SW to ENE-WSW trend, whereas small lineaments mostly follow an E-W trend. There are also lineaments with N-S and NW-SE trends. Sichey ward in the western side of Gangtok town falls under the high lineament density class.
RS & GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping of the Balason River basin, Darjeeling Himalaya, using logistic regression (LR) model
Published in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards, 2018
Geology is considered as one of the important parameters of landslide susceptibility (Dai and Lee 2002; Ayalew et al. 2005). Five geological groups have been found in this study area, that is, Darjeeling gneiss, Daling series, Damuda series/Lower Gondwana, Nahan group and alluvium (older and recent) (Figure 4(f)). Lineaments refer to the mappable linear surface features, which differ distinctly from the patterns of adjacent features and presumably reveal underlying linear geological structures (O’Leary, Friedman, and Pohn 1976). The lineament was extracted from a Landsat TM image (Feb 2009) using Geomatica 2016 software. The lineament number density map was classified into 10 categories using the quantile classification method (Figure 5(a)). In the case of distance for lineament mapping, 10 buffer classes (10, 20, 40, 70, 100, 200, 400, 700, 1200 and 1800 m) were made using a multiple buffer tool in Arc Map 10.1 (Figure 5(b)).
Landfill site selection based on reliability concepts using the DRASTIC method and AHP integrated with GIS – a case study of Bengaluru city, India
Published in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards, 2018
L. G. Santhosh, G. L. Sivakumar Babu
Lineaments: Lineaments are linear features below a geological structure which are faults, folds or boundaries of stratigraphic formations. Consideration of lineaments as a criterion is necessary as these features are more susceptible to shear failure during the earthquake events which lead to the collapse of the waste heap or landfill side slope instability and failures. CPHEEO (2014) specifies 500 m as the minimum siting distance from fault line fractures. In this study, lineaments are extracted from CartoDEM as per standard techniques and assigned rating values as mentioned in Table 5. Figure 19 shows the suitability map of lineaments.