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Geospatial Modeling in Landslide Hazard Assessment
Published in Shruti Kanga, Suraj Kumar Singh, Gowhar Meraj, Majid Farooq, Geospatial Modeling for Environmental Management, 2022
Ahsan Afzal Wani, Bikram Singh Bali, Sareer Ahmad, Umar Nazir, Gowhar Meraj
For proper landslide mitigation and management, susceptibility evaluation and hazard zonation are very vital. Landslides are influenced by several inherent causative and external triggering factors that vary significantly from place to place. Proper evaluation of these factors is essential for landslide studies. Each of these factors may influence the landslide process, and in combination, they result in landslide activity. A number of conclusions in the present study have been put forward not to completely mitigate the landslide occurrence. However, many places along the Bandipora-Srinagar highway are highlighted that are vulnerable to landslides. To avoid the landslide occurrence along this particular area, proper consultation from geologists and engineers is required. There are a number of places along this highway where widening of roads is been carried out; as we know, widening of the roads is important, but widening should be done after proper consultation and consideration. However, in this case, the widening has produced road cuts at higher elevations with unstable slope left, which became the hotspots for landslides in future. Due to this activity along this road, all types of failures are possible. The high dip degree of bedding planes, joints, and steep slopes facing toward the highway are the major threat in terms of landslides to the habitat along this highway in addition to the travelers of this highway. As the highway is the commercial and economic unit for the district Bandipora, a management plan is required to mitigate the possibility of landslides along this highway.
Landslide Hazards and cLimate Change: A Perspective from the United States
Published in Ken Ho, Suzanne Lacasse, Luciano Picarelli, Slope Safety Preparedness for Impact of Climate Change, 2017
In California, adaptation strategies have been developed by the state (State of California, 2009) and its Department of Transportation (California Department of Transportation, 2013). In the state report, they recognize that the combination of a potentially drier climate, increased sea level, and an increased likelihood of extreme rainfall events will increase the chance of drought and wildfires and cause more landslides that will disrupt major roadways and rail lines. They also acknowledge that landslide problems are already well known in California, but if they become more frequent, they will result in greater costs to the state. Their adaptation strategy related to landslides includes: (1) trying to avoid significant new development in areas that cannot be protected; (2) considering the potential impacts of locating significant new state projects in areas susceptible to hazards; (3) encouraging and assisting local communities to amend their general plans and coastal plans to identify areas most vulnerable to impacts from climate change and develop risk reduction strategies; and (4) requiring state firefighting agencies to include climate change impacts in fire program planning efforts. The California Department of Transportation (2013) adaptation report recognizes the same landslide hazards as the State report (State of California, 2009). In wildfire areas, they plan to incorporate landslide mitigation measures in projects and increase monitoring of slope stability. To adapt to an increase in landslides caused by extreme precipitation events, they plan to identify highway segments affected by past intense events, identify alternative routes, monitor drainage systems during extreme events, incorporate landslide mitigation measures in vulnerable areas, and perform risk assessments for any new roads.
Risk assessment of individual landslide based on the risk acceptable model: a case study of the Shiyantan landslide in Mayang County, China
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2020
Haoyue Sui, Ruilin Hu, Wei Gao, Wenwei Gao, Guanzhi Luo
The sustainable development of a country depends on many factors, among which sustainable natural resources development, clean water, good environments and safe living conditions are critical (Li et al. 2015; Li and Qian 2018; Li and Wu 2019). It is essential to seek a harmony between the development and the environment (Li et al. 2017; Wu et al. 2019). China is a country with high development speed, and also a variety of different environmental disasters, of which landslide is a major hazard. Environmental hazards not only pose a threat/risk to human life, but also they can cause serious damage to the environment, resources and property (Zhao et al. 2019). As a non-engineering measure for disaster prevention and risk mitigation, risk assessment and management have been widely carried out to reflect the state of the risk and the tendency of environmental disasters (He and Wu 2019; He et al. 2019; Zhang et al. 2018; Li et al. 2018, 2019a, 2019b). It provides a basis and technical support for the formulation of prevention measures, and has guiding significance to landslide mitigation and economic construction.
Analysis of resistance factors for LRFD of soil nail pullout limit state using default FHWA load and resistance models
Published in Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 2020
In California, USA, soil nail walls with textured and colored facing structures are commonly used to stabilize cliffs from wave impacts and erosions (Griggs 2005; Griggs, Patsch, and Savoy 2005). Barret et al. (2011) introduced case studies of roadway landslide repairs along stream sides, river banks, bluffs, and other sensitive riparian areas using soil nails. They considered soil nailing one of the new and innovative methods for erosion control and landslide mitigation as it is robust in both surviving riparian or coastal conditions and preventing unnecessary environmental impact. Zelo, Shipman, and Brennan (2000) presented a case of using soil nails in conjunction with bioengineering measures to stabilize a steep bluff slope that was failing in blocks due to erosion. Natoli et al. (2017) reported an application of permanent soil nails in a long channel levee construction project in Vianen, The Netherlands. While, nowadays, soil nails are widely used in coastal protection projects, e.g., California Coastal Commission (2017), their main design method in practice is still based on deterministic allow stress methods. More robust design frameworks such as reliability-based design (RBD) methods are still under development.
Optimisation on plane arrangement of stabilising piles subjected to spatial distributed lateral load in landslides with multilayer sliding masses
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2020
Haikuan Zhang, Changdong Li, Yunpeng Zhang, Guihua Wang, Jingjing Long, Wenqiang Chen
The push of fast economic construction into mountain regions has led to a tangible increase in the occurrence of landslide geohazards which have caused a wide swath of casualties and destruction (Chen & Cui, 2017; Li et al., 2019a; Su et al., 2017; Yin et al., 2016). Stabilising piles, a widely regarded effective measure to maintain stability of landslides through transfer landslide thrusts from the sliding mass to underlying stable bedrock, have attracted a lot of researchers to study the response of landslides reinforced by piles (Tang et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2018a, 2018b). It is an important process for practical landslide mitigation engineering to design the plane arrangement of piles.