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Monitoring excavation-related ground deformation in London, UK using SqueeSAR™
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2020
C.A. Bischoff, P.J. Mason, R.C. Ghail, C. Giannico, A. Ferretti
The remote sensing technique, InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar), is increasingly used to complement conventional ground level monitoring in engineering projects, especially in urban areas (Giannico et al. 2013; Garcia Robles et al. 2015; Barla et al. 2016; Bozzano et al. 2018). High resolution SAR instruments such as TerraSAR-X provide measurements with millimetre precision, from SAR images acquired every 11 days. The large footprint of SAR images means that entire cities can be monitored with very high measurement point density (MP) of more than 1400 MP/km2. Despite multiple, previous, successful validation studies (for example, Ferretti et al. 2007; Crosetto et al. 2008; Capes 2009; Crosetto & Monserrat 2009; Prats-iraola et al. 2016), additional validation studies under a variety of conditions are still important to prove the technique’s reliability.
Monitoring excavation-related ground deformation in London, UK using SqueeSAR™
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2019
C.A. Bischoff, P.J. Mason, R.C. Ghail, C. Giannico, A. Ferretti
The remote sensing technique, InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar), is increasingly used to complement conventional ground level monitoring in engineering projects, especially in urban areas (Giannico et al. 2013; Garcia Robles et al. 2015; Barla et al. 2016; Bozzano et al. 2018). High resolution SAR instruments such as TerraSAR-X provide measurements with millimetre precision, from SAR images acquired every 11 days. The large footprint of SAR images means that entire cities can be monitored with very high measurement point density (MP) of more than 1400 MP/km2. Despite multiple, previous, successful validation studies (for example, Ferretti et al. 2007; Crosetto et al. 2008; Capes 2009; Crosetto & Monserrat 2009; Prats-iraola et al. 2016), additional validation studies under a variety of conditions are still important to prove the technique’s reliability.
A Review of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Citizen Science, and Interferometry Remote Sensing in Landslide Hazards
Published in George P. Petropoulos, Tanvir Islam, Remote Sensing of Hydrometeorological Hazards, 2017
Panagiotis Partsinevelos, Zacharias Agioutantis, Achilleas Tripolitsiotis, Nathaniel Schaefer
Underground mining operations are well known to induce subsidence on the ground surface while rainfall and/or mine aquifer recharge saturate the geological strata over these mines when they are abandoned (Iannacchione and Vallejo 1995). To this end, this section will review how the radar interferometry technique has been employed for monitoring ground subsidence caused by (in)active underground but also open pit mines. Radar interferometry or interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a powerful technique to derive surface deformation as well as elevation mapping in submillimeter scale. Its concept has been briefly presented in Milliano (2016), whereas a more in-depth analysis is given in Hanssen (2001).
Quantitative assessment of ground deformation risks, controlling factors and movement trends for onshore petroleum and gas industry using satellite Radar remote sensing and spatial statistics
Published in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards, 2022
Emil Bayramov, Manfred Buchroithner, Martin Kada, Rafael Bayramov
Possible causes of surface deformation are earthquakes, mud volcanism, groundwater changes, and man-made activities for hydrocarbon or gas withdrawal. Among these ground deformation causing factors, it is well known that hydrocarbon fluid or gas withdrawal activities have a direct impact to the subsidence and uplifts processes of oil and gas fields. Traditional ground surveying methods are important to accurately assess the subsidence and uplift rates, however, they are costly in terms of necessary equipment, human involvement, availability of historical baseline as a reference for the detection of continuous ground movement rates and velocity and limited territorial coverage for the assessment of spatial ground movement patterns. This research is focusing on the quantitative assessment of ground movements caused by petroleum and gas activities. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a proven remote sensing technique that uses the phase information of SAR images to measure ground surface movements (Bhattacharya et al. 2013). The method has been used successfully to assess a wide range of deformations including those due to man-made petroleum and gas activities and groundwater extraction and also natural processes like earthquakes and volcanic activity.
Detecting mining-induced ground deformation and associated hazards using spaceborne InSAR techniques
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2018
Albert Zhang, Jason Lu, Jin-Woo Kim
Due to the dangers of potash mining, numerous attempts have been made to observe its environmental and geological effects on surrounding topographies, using global positioning system (GPS) monitoring (Mousavi et al. 2001), geodetic surveys (Szczerbowski 2004), and ground-penetrating radar (Kovin 2011). Unfortunately, limitations of these previous technologies inhibit a comprehensive evaluation due to factors of cost, resolution, and method of observation (Lanari et al. 2004; Gourmelen et al. 2007). With its low cost, high resolution, and robust application, Satellite Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) becomes a prime candidate in mapping ground surface deformation at a spatial resolution of metres and measurement accuracy of centimetres to sub-centimetres (Lu and Dzurisin 2014; Lu and Zhang 2014). InSAR technology has been used previously to observe sinkholes in the surrounding region (Paine et al. 2009; Rucker et al. 2013).
Automatic selection of permanent scatterers-based GCPs for refinement and reflattening in InSAR DEM generation
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2022
Yongjiu Feng, Yilun Zhou, Yanling Chen, Pengshuo Li, Mengrong Xi, Xiaohua Tong
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a high-precision technique to extract ground elevation and deformation information by deriving phase information from single look complex (SLC) images (Wang et al. 2019). Many institutes are dedicated to the method development of digital elevation model (DEM) generation and the production of DEMs (e.g. SRTM DEM, ASTER G-DEM, and TanDEM-X DEM) at global and local scales, especially using SAR images (Bhardwaj, Jain, and Chatterjee 2019). When using the InSAR techniques, the phase measurement and conversion of phase to height are the essences of the DEM generation. Since SAR typically operates in the microwave region, it can be used in any meteorological conditions and with a full day-and-night operational capability (Zhang et al. 2016; Mohammadi et al. 2020). As a consequence of SAR's flexibility, the InSAR technique is scientific and practical to derive DEMs (Yadav et al. 2020). Although InSAR has the advantages of large region and continuous space coverage, the process of InSAR DEM generation is extremely susceptible to various factors, such as the selection of the interference pair, the baseline, and the atmospheric environments (Pepe and Calò 2017). The introduction of high-quality ground control points (GCPs) in the orbit refinement and reflattening process can correct the baseline parameters and remove the flattening effect to improve the DEM accuracy effectively (Du et al. 2021). However, commonly used selection methods of GCPs such as manual selection could reduce the DEM accuracy (Child et al. 2021). It is necessary to develop new methods to select appropriate GCPs for refinement and reflattening to produce more accurate DEMs.