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Constructions and related matters relevant to environmental health
Published in Stephen Battersby, Clay's Handbook of Environmental Health, 2023
John Bryson, Stephen Battersby
For field use, a grease trap is designed to ensure that sullage water passing through it has a long journey at low velocity between inlet and outlet, so that grease may separate from the water and float to the surface, where it is retained. Only two “baffles” are necessary, one to form the inlet and the other the outlet chamber; these should be deep rather than shallow and long and narrow rather than square. A length-to-breadth proportion of 3:1 is recommended. A capacity of 225 litres is suitable for most general purposes.
Wastewater Treatment Systems for Small Flows
Published in Syed R. Qasim, Wastewater Treatment Plants, 2017
A grease trap is an appurtenance that is used to remove excessive amounts of grease that may interfere with subsequent treatment and disposal. In many commercial and institutional establishments where large volumes of kitchen wastes are generated (cafeterias, restaurants, schools, hospitals), the grease can clog the sewer lines and inlet and outlet structures of treatment devices. The purpose of a grease trap is simply to remove the grease.
Biodegradation of phenolic compounds present in palm oil mill effluent as single and mixed substrates by Trametes hirsuta AK04
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2020
Anukool Kietkwanboot, Sumate Chaiprapat, Rudolf Müller, Oramas Suttinun
POME samples were obtained from the wastewater treatment plant of a palm oil mill in southern Thailand. The wastewater treatment process consists of an anaerobic digestion system coupled with a series of stabilization ponds. The samples were collected from the collecting pond following the grease trap and cooling pond, prior to entering the anaerobic digestion system. The POME samples were prepared by filtration through cheesecloth to remove suspended solids and stored at -20 °C until use. The main characteristics of the POME were determined according to the Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.[30] Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and total phosphorus (TP) were found to be 57.97, 0.64, and 0.11 g L−1, respectively.
Modeling and optimization of biomethane production from solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of organic fraction municipal solid waste and other co-substrates
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2020
Mohsen Saghouri, Reza Abdi, Mohammadali Ebrahimi-Nik, Abbas Rohani, Mohammadali Maysami
Experimental results indicated that the maximum amount of CH4 production of 436 mL CH4/g VS occurs at the identical weight percent of the three substances (33.33%). There are no publications with exactly these wastes in the solid-state AD. A comparison of biodegradability with data found in the literature is very difficult, because numerous factors may affect the AD of biowaste and methane yield. Co-digestion leads to more biogas yield by providing bioavailability of nutrients for microorganisms. As Marousek et al. (2013) reported, the bioavailability of carbon and nitrogen has more effect on methane yield than the carbon to nitrogen ratio. Grosser (2017) reported that the optimum combination ratio of OFMSW with grease trap and sewage sludge was 3:3:4 (based on VS). In this mixture, methane yield was 327 mL CH4/g VS. In another paper, Pavi et al. (2017) reported that the highest cumulative biogas and methane yields were obtained with a 1/3 ratio of OFMSW to fruit and vegetable waste. The average cumulative methane yield in this condition equaled 396.6 N mL/g VS. Negi et al. (2018) found a 2:1 ratio in the co-digestion of municipal solid waste and rice straw as the best combination producing 403 mL CH4/g VS.
Rapid degradation of FOG discharged from food industry wastewater by lipolytic fungi as a bioaugmentation application
Published in Environmental Technology, 2018
Ayoma Witharana, Jagath Manatunge, Niranjanie Ratnayake, Chandrika M. Nanayakkara, Mahesh Jayaweera
The physicochemical properties of grease trap waste depend on the type of restaurant, grease trap configuration such as size, inlet/outlet piping, number of baffles [23]. Some physicochemical properties of grease trap waste were investigated in the present study (Table 2). As expected, the average pH of the grease trap waste is slightly acidic (pH 5.5) [4,32] and fatty acid composition was dominated by palmitic acid (∼50%) and oleic acid (∼33%). However, in reported literature, oleic acid is known to be the abundant fatty acid in food industry wastewater [40]. This is perhaps due to a growing interest in palm oil in Southern Asia while in Mediterranean countries olive oil production is high [41]. Nevertheless, during field visits and discussions with food service industry personnel, it was noted that palm oil (refined, bleached and deodorized) is used as the main oil source for cooking applications. Minor amounts of olive oil are used in the preparation of salads, but the possibility of its presence in wastewater is low. Animal fats, especially chicken fats and lard, may contribute to elevate the levels of palmitic and oleic acid content and may enter the wastewater stream during food preparation (roasting, grilling and frying) and cleaning of ovens, pots, pans and other utensils (Table 3, Figure 5).