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Sustainability design approach
Published in Ivan Vaníček, Daniel Jirásko, Martin Vaníček, Modern Earth Structures for Transport Engineering, 2020
Ivan Vaníček, Daniel Jirásko, Martin Vaníček
Other nonstandard aggregates can be used to fulfil specific roles. They are not typically used for the main part of earth structures. One such example is foam glass, also called foam glass granulate, made of recycled waste glass from small pieces of glass which are not appropriate for recycling in glass works. The final product is composed of differing grain sizes, e.g. 16–32 mm, is lightweight (free-fall density about 150 to 170 kg/m3) and has very good insulation properties. As individual grains are shape-stable with a close inside structure, the water infiltration into individual grains is practically zero. Only a small amount of water can infiltrate due to capillarity. The specific roles that can be served by such material include: Lightweight fill – to reduce ground settlement or to reduce earth pressure;Insulation;Drainage.
Långströmmen Dam Safety—best practice project, an additional new spillway with an emergency radial gate and 2.5 km earth-fill dam enlargement
Published in Jean-Pierre Tournier, Tony Bennett, Johanne Bibeau, Sustainable and Safe Dams Around the World, 2019
P. Kotrba, C. Sjöberg, P. Bylander
Due to the climate and cold temperatures during the winter months and because many of the earth-fill dams are used as access roads to the plant on a daily basis, there is a high risk from frost. Foam glass was decided to be used as a sealing core freeze protection measure because of its insulating properties but also for its other advantages compared to other ground isolation materials, e.g. ground isolation foam disks. See detail in Figure 18 below.
Energy Conservation Applications
Published in Mary K. Theodore, Louis Theodore, Introduction to Environmental Management, 2021
Mary K. Theodore, Louis Theodore
Polyisocyanate insulation is appropriate for applications of 140°F–300°F and −100°F to −300°F. It has similar costs to calcium silicate but has better moisture resistance and is good for dual-temperature applications. Foam glass is good for temperatures of 300°F–900°F.
Pollutant treatment efficiencies through rainwater tank, recycled foamed glass and geofabrics
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
Monzur Alam Imteaz, Arul Arulrajah, Abdullah Gokhan Yilmaz
The prime focus of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of an innovative material, foamed recycled glass as filter material. The foamed glass for this research was obtained from a recycling industry in Melbourne, Australia. Figure 1 shows the photo of recycled foamed glass aggregates after production, details of which can be found from Misapor (2014). From the figure it is clear that the glass aggregates are comprised of vesicular, due to the presence of air that forms small voids during the production process. The process of making foam glass is that collected municipal waste glass (obtained from glass recycler industry site) is first ground and then fired with mineral additives in a furnace at temperatures up to 950°C. The recycled glass foams and is then removed from the furnace, which then cools down quickly forming low weight foamed glass aggregates of up to 40 mm in size. The foamed material comprises 98% ground recycled glass and 2% mineral additives. Some physical properties of the foam glass sample are presented in Table 1, most of which were reported by Arulrajah et al. (2015). In addition, the hydraulic conductivity was measured through the constant head permeability test.
Lightweight composite from fly ash geopolymer and glass foam
Published in Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials, 2021
Ferenc Kristály, Roland Szabó, Ferenc Mádai, Ákos Debreczeni, Gábor Mucsi
Based on the EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy, glass waste recycling ratio has to reach at least 85% by 2030 [1]. In this perspective glass foam production represents an excellent opportunity to utilize large quantities of glass waste. It is well known that foam glass is used as a thermal and acoustic insulating material in buildings and road construction industry which is produced by mixing glass powder with a foaming agent and subsequently heating the mixture above the glass softening point [2–4].
Properties of basalt-fiber reinforced foam glass
Published in Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 2020
Eunseok Kim, Kwangbae Kim, Ohsung Song
Foam glass is a form of glass with closed and open pores present within its structure. Additionally, foam glass is a heterophase system comprising a glassy solid and a gaseous phase, where gaseous pores are surrounded by solid walls [1]. Foam glass has advantages of greater corrosion resistance and thermal stability than those of existing porous polymers [2]. It exhibits low thermal conductivity and thermal expansion and excellent thermal stability and acoustic absorption properties, leading to its current applications for lining the interior of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system smokestacks in thermal power plants and thermal insulation for buildings. However, problems such as destruction during construction or from operational thermal shock due to its poor durability because of its low strength and increasing manufacturing costs arising from expensive equipment and high-temperature processing have been reported [3]. To address these issues, studies are actively being conducted to improve foam glass strength via fiber addition and low-temperature foam glass manufacturing [4]. By introducing basalt-fiber layers to concrete, Sim et al. [5] observed an increase of 27 % in strength with the addition of three layers, while Song et al. [6] observed an approximate increase in strength of 12 %, from 85 MPa to 96 MPa, by adding 2 vol% steel fiber. For foam glass, H. W. Guo et al. [4] added 25 wt% glass fibers to improve the strength of foam glass and observed an increase of 13% in strength. By adding 15 wt% mullite fibers to foam glass, H. W. Guo et al. [7] reported an approximate increase of 53 %, from 5.3 MPa to 8.12 MPa, over standard foam glass. Basalt-fiber is produced by melting basalt rocks and extracting fibers; its tensile strength is higher than that of glass fiber by 24 % [8]. In addition, basalt-fibers have the advantage of better corrosion resistance than carbon fibers and do not generate toxic gases in high-temperature fires [5]. However, as of now, studies on the use of basalt-fibers in foam glass manufacture are lacking, while the aforementioned use of glass fibers in foam glass has the issue of potentially lowering the mechanical strength of the foam glass because of their similar melting temperatures, leading to pore deformation following the orientation of fibers. Furthermore, fibers such as mullite, sepiolite, ZrO2, and YSZ have high material costs, making their application difficult in the industrial field. To overcome these issues, basalt-fiber was selected for its more competitive price and ability to improve mechanical strength. By using basalt-fiber, we can expect excellent price competitiveness and improvement in strength in the future. Therefore, basalt-fibers were added to foam glass in this study, which has not been attempted previously, to address the strength shortcomings of foam glass, while observing changes in material properties such as microstructure and thermal conductivity.