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Bricks
Published in A. Bahurudeen, P.V.P. Moorthi, Testing of Construction Materials, 2020
[IES 2015] Assertion (A): Fly ash bricks are used in construction as alternatives to burnt clay bricks.Reason (R): Fly ash bricks are lighter in weight and are stronger than burnt clay bricks. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.
Fly Ash
Published in Ashok K. Rathoure, Zero Waste, 2019
Bhavana Sethi, Saurabh Ahalawat
Bricks are the foundation in construction industry and their use in this industry is inevitable. These have been mainly produced from clay and shale for decades. Brick manufacturing requires continuous extraction of clay and the removal of the topsoil, which is giving rise to substantial depletion of virgin resources (Naganathan et al., 2015). In the manufacture of bricks, fly ash can be an alternative to clay. Fly ash can be used either with clay as part replacement or in combination with other materials like sand, lime, gypsum etc. to produce a substitute to conventional clay bricks. The technologies for the manufacture of fly ash bricks can broadly be classified into the following: clay–fly ash bricks, red mud–fly ash bricks, sand fly ash bricks, fly ash–lime bricks, fly ash–lime/gypsum bricks. A general comparison of properties of clay bricks and fly ash bricks is given in Table 18.2.
Strength and durability studies on sustainable eco-friendly green solid blocks
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2022
Rahman (Rahman 1987) investigated the mechanical strength properties of rice husk ash bricks. Rice husks were added in various percentages to the clay sand mix. Test results reported that rice husk ash bricks have more compressive strength than conventional bricks. The bricks could withstand the temperature of 1000◦C for up to 4 hours. Tahir Celik and Khaled Marar (Celik and Marar 1996) reported the effects of crushed stone dust on some properties of concrete. Romualdo R. Menezes et al. (Romualdo et al. 2005) presented the utilization of granite sawdust powder in brick and tile production. The test results showed that the granite saw waste powder has the same physical and mineralogical characteristics as the composition of conventional ceramic tiles. Paki Turgut (Turgut 2005) had conducted an investigation on lime powder and glass powder in masonry blocks. Two varieties of masonry blocks were prepared. The first type of block was prepared with lime powder and Portland cement. The other type of block was made with glass powder and cement. It was concluded that the blocks containing glass powder yielded more compressive strength. Freeda Christy et al. (Freeda Christy and Tensing 2011) prepared bricks and blocks by adding fly ash, lime, gypsum, and sand in different proportions. Test results showed that the compressive strength of the traditional fly ash bricks attained a higher strength of up to 80% than that of normal clay bricks. Also, flyash bricks have 10% less weight when compared with clay bricks. It has low water absorption, much less than 20%. These bricks were eco-friendly and cost-efficient.
Risk of overheating in low-rise naturally ventilated residential buildings of northeast India – an effect of climate change
Published in Architectural Science Review, 2022
In addition, with the increased awareness about the environment, the use of fly-ash bricks is on the rise. As we didn’t have the measured data which could serve as input values (discussed in Section 2.3.1), the U-values were taken from the National Building Code (NBC) of India (NBC 2016). These fly-ash bricks have a lower thermal conductivity (0.36 W/m–°C) in comparison to that of fire-clay bricks (0.66 W/m–°C) (Lingbawan 2009; NBC 2016), a factor desirable in thermal science to prevent the heat flow. However, the density of fly-ash brick is also lesser (~1200 kg/m3) in comparison to the fire-clay brick (~1800 kg/m3) (Lingbawan 2009; NBC 2016). This lower density of fly-ash bricks make it lighter and preferable for construction in the hilly region. However, this also lowers the thermal capacitance (Table 1), a product of the density (ρ) and specific heat (Cp) of the material, and hence is not efficient in alleviating the swing of ambient temperature. However, these fly-ash bricks have an advantage of being environment friendly, as they are manufactured from the coal fly-ash. In this study, we have analyzed the use of both fire-clay brick and fly-ash brick, single layered and double layered as the different wall envelopes.
Study on the properties of innovative green brick subjected to varying temperature and time
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2022
Shivasakthivadivelan R.A, Vidhya K.
Vidhya, Revathi, and Kandasamy (2021) conducted an experimental study on hardened mechanical and durability properties of industrial ash bricks. The industrial by-product bottom ash is effectively utilized in this project. The performance of the industrial ash brick showed an enhanced performance in mechanical and chemical resistance than conventional clay and fly ash bricks.