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Impact of Urbanization on Flooding
Published in Saeid Eslamian, Faezeh Eslamian, Flood Handbook, 2022
A floodplain is flat land along a stream or river that is periodically flooded. Historically, many towns have been built on floodplains due to access to fresh water; the fertility for farming; cheap transportation through the waterway; and ease of development of flat land. However, flood damage has become the worst natural disaster in history; for example, the 1931 China Yellow River floods are estimated to have killed millions. Development along rivers and floodplains in urban areas has increased the floods dramatically in floodplains. The effect of urbanization on the floodplain will be summarized. Meanwhile, flood reduction approaches will be introduced for better planning, design, and management in floodplains.
An experimental study on the overbank sedimentation in an asymmetrical compound channel
Published in Wim Uijttewaal, Mário J. Franca, Daniel Valero, Victor Chavarrias, Clàudia Ylla Arbós, Ralph Schielen, Alessandra Crosato, River Flow 2020, 2020
C. Juez, C. Schaerer, H. Jenny, A.J. Schleiss, M.J. Franca
During flooding events, the floodplains provide an additional drainage capacity and a retention space where fine sediments and deadwood can be deposited. Floodplains are also important for ecological functions as they connect the inland with the main channel. They facilitate the replenishment of nutrients attached to sediments and ultimately, the colonization of the floodplain surfaces by riparian vegetation (Benjankar 2011).
Land
Published in Cameron La Follette , Chris Maser, Sustainability and the Rights of Nature, 2017
Cameron La Follette , Chris Maser
A floodplain is a low, flat area of land that borders a stream or river and is subject to flooding. Unfortunately, a river’s floodplain is sometimes viewed as completely separate from a river’s active channel.
Optimized expressions to evaluate the flow discharge in main channels and floodplains using evolutionary computing and model classification
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2018
Abdolreza Zahiri, Mohammad Najafzadeh
In overbank flows, the river system not only behaves as a conveyance but also as a storage or pond. It is recognized that for sediment transport, only the flow discharge in main channel is effective and floodplain’s discharge has a negligible impact upon the subject. There is no disguising the fact that the flow velocity in the floodplains is considerably less than the main channel and it is inadequate to cause major movement of suspended sediments. In fact the floodplains, due to their high capacities, play a prominent role in flood water level reduction, water retention and sediment deposition. These features are essential for wetlands restoration and preserve of river ecology as well as for success of flood mitigation works. Determination of the main channel and floodplains discharges covers the main input data for several hydraulic and morphologic computations such as pollutant dispersion and bed shear stress distribution in river compound channels.
New formulas addressing flow resistance of floodplain vegetation from emergent to submerged conditions
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2022
Walter Box, Juha Järvelä, Kaisa Västilä
Floodplain vegetation provides habitat, stabilizes riverbed and banks and improves water quality by trapping sediment, nutrients and pollutants (Vargas-Luna et al., 2015; Västilä & Järvelä, 2018). For ecological considerations, vegetation is increasingly used as a nature-based solution (NBS) in river engineering and management (Rowiński et al., 2018; Vargas-Luna et al., 2018). From flood management viewpoint, vegetation increases flow resistance and reduces the flow conveyance capacity of the channel (Luhar & Nepf, 2013; Rubol et al., 2018; Stone et al., 2013; Yang et al., 2007).