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Substation Fire Protection
Published in John D. McDonald, Electric Power Substations Engineering, 2017
A fire alarm system comprises a control panel, power supplies, signal-initiating or fire detection devices (such as water flow, smoke, heat, or flame detectors), audible signal appliances (such as bells, horns, or sirens), and annunciators, all of which is interconnected via electrical wiring. In addition, the fire alarm system also interfaces various types of automatic suppression systems (Sprinkler Systems, Water Deluge, or Gaseous Extinguishing Systems).
Emergency Preparedness, Fire Prevention, and Protection
Published in Ron C. McKinnon, Risk-based, Management-led, Audit-driven, Safety Management Systems, 2016
The Fire Coordinator should test the fixed fire alarm at least once every three months and keep a record of these tests which should be made available for inspection. In remote locations where portable alarms are used, the department should inspect and test the manual alarm once every three months.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Room Fire in a Wooden-Frame Historical Building
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2020
Shu-Fen Tung, Hung-Chi Su, Chun-Ta Tzeng, Chi-Ming Lai
Figure 7 illustrates the layouts of the measurement points. There were five thermocouple trees symmetrically distributed in the fire compartment for temperature measurement. Each thermocouple tree was composed of five sets of type K thermocouples tied vertically to thin iron chains with thermal isolation materials wrapped outside. These five thermocouples were positioned 0.6 m, 1.2 m, 1.8 m, 2.3 m, and 2.9 m away from the floor level. Each smoke detector tree consisted of 3 photoelectric detectors connected to a fire alarm control panel, positioned at 1.8 m, 2.3 m, and 2.9 m above floor level.