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Industrial Ecology
Published in Mary K. Theodore, Louis Theodore, Introduction to Environmental Management, 2021
Mary K. Theodore, Louis Theodore
In 1997, Erkmann [8] wrote that industrial ecology was evolving in two directions: ecoindustrial parks and islands of sustainability, and dematerialization-decarbonization of the service economy. Eco-industrial parks are based on the concept that wastes have value to industry and agriculture and that keeping wastes out of the environment has a value to communities as a whole. President Clinton initiated the President’s Council for Sustainable Development to develop eco-parks; however, minimal tangible changes have been implemented as a result [4]. Dematerialization-decarbonization, although a small part of industrial ecology today, involves decreasing the amount of raw materials used and carbon emissions generated throughout the entire life cycle of a process or product.
Marketing Services for Future LEED Products
Published in Jerry Yudelson, Marketing Green Buildings:, 2020
Building on the insights of William McDonough and Michael Braungart in their path-breaking 2002 book, Cradle to Cradle, we can foresee the development of products and building materials based on the biological reality that “waste equals food.”103 Products can be made out of biodegradable materials, with no long-lived toxic products, able to break down completely in the environment after their useful life. Materials that cannot break down, such as nylon, can be reused indefinitely; carpets can be returned to the manufacturer and remade into carpets again. Architects and builders will begin to specify such products for buildings. Manufacturing processes themselves would have few or no waste products. The development of “eco-industrial” parks may be the first movement that will affect entire buildings and urban districts, in which all waste products from industry would be re-used by other tenants in the same area; waste heat could be used in greenhouse agriculture or to heat nearby homes, for example.
Waste
Published in Sigrun M. Wagner, Business and Environmental Sustainability, 2020
So-called eco-industrial parks use ecological design to encourage partnerships and collaborations between companies in how they manage environmental and energy issues. Examples can be found across the world, though the most elaborate prototype of an ecopark can be found in the Danish town of Kalundborg, described by various authors (e.g. Benyus 1997; Robertson 2017) and displayed on a dedicated webpage (www.symbiosis.dk/en/), detailing the over 20 streams of energy, water and materials connecting organisations as diverse as oil refineries, fish farms, power plants and chemical companies. For example, the power plant recycles its waste by passing on steam to the refinery and the pharmaceutical company, and heat to a fish farm while fly ash is sent to a cement company. In turn, the oil refinery sends its waste cooling water to the power plant.
Nature inspired supply chain solutions: definitions, analogies, and future research directions
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2020
Nazli Turken, Vincent Cannataro, Avinash Geda, Ashutosh Dixit
Eco-industrial parks are defined as ‘a community of manufacturing and service businesses seeking enhanced environmental and economic performance through collaboration in managing environmental and resources issues including energy, water and materials’ and may contain several interacting supply chains within them (Lowe, Moran, and Holmes 1996). Eco-industrial parks are traditionally associated with industrial symbiosis, e.g. Kalundborg eco-industrial park (Kalundborg Symbiosis 2018). However, some researchers associate eco-industrial parks with industrial symbiosis (Behera et al. 2012; Chertow 2000), industrial ecology (Gibbs and Deutz 2007), or circular economy (Mathews and Tan 2011). As identifying the relationship between eco-industrial parks and circular economy, industrial symbiosis, and industrial ecology requires an in-depth analysis of the literature, we leave this to another study. Instead, we report the studies that offer nature inspired solutions to eco-industrial parks. To identify scholarly work that offer nature inspired solutions to eco-industrial parks, we reviewed the titles and the abstracts of the papers from our Web of Science search to reach an initial list. Like the biomimicry case, we utilised backward and forward snowballing on our initial list to identify any scholarly work outside the journals in Table A1.
A research challenge vision regarding management of agricultural waste in a circular bio-based economy
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2018
Nathalie Gontard, Ulf Sonesson, Morten Birkved, Mauro Majone, David Bolzonella, Annamaria Celli, Hélène Angellier-Coussy, Guang-Way Jang, Anne Verniquet, Jan Broeze, Burkhard Schaer, Ana Paula Batista, András Sebok
The concept of industrial ecology in eco-industrial parks was introduced in the 1990s by amongst others Frosch and Gallopoulos (1989). In such system “Wastes from one industrial process can serve as the raw materials for another, thereby reducing the impact of industry in the environment”. An eco-industrial park is a community of manufacturing and service businesses seeking enhanced environmental and economic performance through collaboration in managing environmental and resources issues, including energy, water and materials. By working together, the community of businesses seeks a collective benefit that is greater than the sum of the individual benefits each company would have realised if it optimised its individual interests (Lowe, Moren and Holmes, 1996). Currently, the notion of an eco-industrial park addresses inter-company collaborations aimed at optimising resource efficiency, more commonly called industrial symbiosis. The most famous example is “Kalundborg” in Denmark (http://www.symbiosis.dk/en). Few studies highlight key success factors and barriers to the implementation of existing eco-industrial parks around the world (Massard, Jacquat and Zürcher, 2014). But the implementation of Industrial Ecology conceptions is still difficult because it requires a new vision of customer-supplier relationships, new forms of organisation and new business models, often at the crossroads of various value chains.
Industrial symbiosis: Impact of competition on firms’ willingness to implement
Published in IISE Transactions, 2021
Yunxia Zhu, Milind Dawande, Nagesh Gavirneni, Vaidyanathan Jayaraman
Our research broadly relates to the following two streams of literature: (i) closed-loop supply chain management; and (ii) industrial symbiosis and eco-industrial park initiatives. In this section, we review the related literature and highlight the contributions of our study to the present literature.