China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Coupling of Speciation and Transport Models
Published in Herbert E. Allen, E. Michael Perdue, David S. Brown, Metals in Groundwater, 2020
Charles J. Hostetler, Robert L. Erikson
The general framework of the conceptual model is an acidic influent reacting with a neutralizing soil. This general scenario is often found at disposal sites in the western United States. Acidic leachates are commonly derived from leaching of coal combustion residues, uranium mill tailings, and mine tailings. Carbonate materials (that act to neutralize acidic solutions) are often found in arid or semiarid environments. As the leachate contacts the soil, the pH is buffered and trace metal-carbonate minerals can precipitate. In addition, the adsorption behavior of trace metals is a strong function of pH. Eventually, the buffering capacity of the soil will become exhausted when the leachate has dissolved all of the carbonate materials. The pH will drop to that of the influent, and the trace metals will become remobilized.
Geologic Principles
Published in Stephen M. Testa, Geological Aspects of Hazardous Waste Management, 2020
Carbonate rocks are defined as containing more than 50% carbonate minerals. The most common and predominant carbonate minerals are calcite (CaCO3) and dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2]. Other carbonate minerals include aragonite (CaCO3), siderite (Fe12CO3), and magnesite (MgCO3). The term limestone is used for those rocks in which the carbonate fraction is composed primarily of calcite, whereas the term dolomite is used for those rocks composed primarily of dolomite.
2
Published in James F. Pankow, Aquatic Chemistry Concepts, 2019
Alk is not conserved in a water sample whenever a mineral with acid or base properties either dissolves into the solution or precipitates from the solution as in a “whiting event” in a lake or the oceans. Carbonate minerals like calcite, aragonite, and dolomite are basic. In order, these minerals are CaCO3(s) in the “hexagonal” crystal form, CaCO3(s) in the “orthorhombic” crystal form, and CaMgCO3(s) in the “hexagonal” crystal form.
Calcium extraction from unmilled BOF slag for energy-efficient CO2 sequestration using graphical analysis and application for AMD treatment
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
G. Kahilu Mwengula, Jean Mulopo
Recent trends in highly alkaline industrial residues (e.g. steel slag, bauxite processing residue (red mud) and ash from coal combustion) management include i) newer or reengineered processes resulting in decreasing quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as the aqueous dissolution of these materials creates high pH solutions that dissolves CO2 to store carbon in the form of solid carbonate minerals or dissolved bicarbonate ions. (LaGrega, Buckingham, and Evans 2010; Krausmann et al. 2017) andii) strategies to maximize current levels of these waste materials utilization and/or development of high value products.
Investigation of soils by thermal and spectroscopic analysis
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2021
B. Jananee, V. Thangam, A. Rajalakshmi
Important physico-chemical properties of soil are often modified by non-silicate carbonate minerals. Higher concentration of carbonate minerals in soil will in turn support the soil fertility and result in higher crop productivity. The fundamental vibrations of carbonates arise at 1400–875 cm−1 which are termed as the most prominent absorption features. Carbonate minerals are classified into three inorganic groups namely, calcite, dolomite, and aragonite (Parikh et al. 2014). A small narrow peak at around 1400 cm−1 in samples AA1, AA3, and AR1 depicts the presence of traces of carbonate minerals.
Effect of calcite on crude oil combustion characterized by high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HP-DSC)
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2019
Mustafa Abaas, Chengdong Yuan, Dmitrii A. Emelianov, Mikhail A. Varfolomeev, Kristina A. Ariskina
According to the concise literature review aforementioned, one can notice that the previous studies paid more attention to the influence of clay minerals on the combustion of crude oils. However, clay minerals are mainly present in sandstone and shale. Carbonate rock contains a very small amount of clay minerals. In fact, the oil resource in carbonate reservoirs accounts for a great proportion of the proved oil reserves all over the world. Therefore, concern in minerals consisted in carbonate rock should be also raised. Calcite and dolomite are the main carbonate minerals.