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Applications of FRP composites in civil engineering
Published in Peter Domone, John Illston, Construction Materials, 2018
There are broadly two types of bridge bearing, elastic materials and roller bearings. In elastomeric materials, the bearing is made from one of the following polymers: neoprene polymernatural rubberstyrene butadiene rubber (SBR).
Study on the dynamic behaviour of Bafgh-Bandar Abbas lane railway bridge for structural health monitoring purpose
Published in Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, 2023
Amir Pourtarki, Habib Badri Ghavifekr, Hasan Afshin
Connections between reinforced concrete piers and steel truss of the bridge are bearing connections (elastomeric bridge bearing) and not fixed connections. That means, for the steel truss, free displacement in the positive vertical direction is possible but not in the negative vertical direction (Figure 3). Direct calculation of natural frequencies, in this case, would not be suitable and effective because it is not possible to apply the influence of this type of connection by such a calculation. Consequently, a time-dependent transient analysis of the train movement on the bridge is used for determining the natural frequencies and the vibration mode shapes. So, a train movement on the undamaged bridge model is simulated, and the vibration displacements of all bridge truss connections are extracted while the train crossing and free vibrations after train crossing.
Stochastic dependency in life-cycle cost analysis of multi-component structures
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2019
Lara Saad, Alaa Chateauneuf, Wassim Raphael
The key issue in maintenance planning is related to degradation. Although the degradation of the structure is largely dependent on the degradation of each element, the degradation of one element can accelerate that of the others. For example, if a bridge bearing freezes due to corrosion, the bridge deck will be subjected to thermal stresses that cause cracking (Sianpar & Adams, 1997). The main step in evaluating a reliability-based maintenance cost is the prediction of component degradation and failure. Some empirical degradation models in the literature can fairly predict the intrinsic degradation of an element under a given degradation mechanism. The consequences of degradation processes on structural performance are widely evaluated in the literature (Bastidas-Arteaga et al., 2009; Liberati et al., 2014; Saad et al., 2016; Soliman, 2015). However, the task becomes significantly more complex when considering failure dependency and interaction between degradation mechanisms.
Interaction between continuous welded rail and long-span steel truss arch bridge of a high-speed railway under seismic action
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2018
Wenshuo Liu, Gonglian Dai, Zhiwu Yu, Y. Frank Chen, Xuhui He
For the three main trusses of the main bridge, large-tonnage KTQZ-type spherical steel bearings were installed at the piers, and the GPZ-type basin rubber bearing was adopted in the adjacent concrete simply supported beams. In the integrated FE model, the fixed bearing was simulated by coupling the node at the bridge bearing with the node at the pier top completely. To consider the effect of friction of sliding bearings, friction element was established between the node at the sliding bearing and the node at the pier top, adopting the nonlinear spring and the bilinear restoring-force model to reflect the property of the sliding bearings. In the restoring-force model, there is: