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Bituminous sandstones of the Chechen Republic
Published in Vladimir Litvinenko, Advances in Raw Material Industries for Sustainable Development Goals, 2020
Sh.Sh. Zaurbekov, M.M. Labazanov, T.Kh. Ozdieva, P.U. Musaeva, Z.I. Gadaeva, A.A. Batukaev, Z.M-E. Damzaev
Currently, the task has arisen of searching for additional resources of organic binders and developing methods for their rational use in the construction of roads. The source of reducing the deficit in oil bitumen is natural bituminous rocks, the deposits of which are widespread, including in the Chechen Republic.The conditions for the formation of natural bitumen in the host sedimentary formations are migration processes of fluids consisting of water and hydrocarbons with the obligatory access of air and specific microorganisms. In the process of this, this fluid mixture is differentiated on the fractured-pore surfaces of the rocks according to the fractional basis, i.e. heavy hydrocarbons, aspaltenes and resins.
Natural Gas, Crude Oil, Heavy Crude Oil, Extra-Heavy Crude Oil, and Tar Sand Bitumen
Published in James G. Speight, Refinery Feedstocks, 2020
Oil shale is the term applied to a class of bituminous rocks that contain a complex heteroatomic molecule known as kerogen and oil shale does not contain oil. Shale oil is produced when kerogen is thermally decomposed to yield appreciable amounts of a hydrocarbon-based oil; it is this product that is commonly referred to as shale oil. Oil shale does not yield shale oil without the application of high temperatures and the ensuing thermal decomposition that is necessary to decompose the organic material (kerogen) in the shale.
The effect of feedstock treatment on the deasphalting process
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2018
Irina Goncharova, Aliya Safiulina, Ismagil Khusnutdinov, Emmanuel Alawode, Galiya Skvortsova
Currently, bituminous rocks are represented in the form of tar sands, asphalt lakes, ozocerites, dolomites, limestones, etc. Potential reserves of hydrocarbon raw materials contained in bituminous rocks of the world amount to 6 trillion barrels. Canada holds the leading position in bituminous rock resources, accounting for 95% of the total world recoverable reserves. USA and Venezuela occupy the second place. Russia is the third country in terms of heavy hydrocarbon resources (13.4 billion barrels of heavy oil and 33.4 billion barrels of natural bitumen) (Hein 2017).