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The Role Of Kerogen In The Sorption Of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals By A Sandy Aquifer Material
Published in Nada Assaf-Anid, Hazardous and Industrial Wastes Proceedings of the Thirty-Third Mid-Atlantic Industrial and Hazardous Waste Conference, 2001
Examinations under fluorescence and optical microscopes show that the isolated NOM is highly heterogeneous at the particle scale. The organic particles are irregularly shaped and have sizes ranging from sub-micron to about 40 μm. Both vitrinite and bituminite or liptinite are the dominant macerals, and fusinite is a minor component found in the isolated NOM. Vitrinite is likely originated from plant materials and is the major component of Kerogen Type III. Liptinite or bituminite is commonly derived from animal’s tissues or lower level plants such as algae and is the major component of Kerogen Type I and II. Fusinite, also called black carbon or charcoal, is typically formed during incomplete oxidation of Kerogen Types I∼III and is classified as Kerogen Type IV. Vitrinite found in the isolate is opaque under transmitted microscopy, not fluorescent and is dark-grey and dark colored under fluorescence microscopy. Liptinites are found semi-transparent under optical microscopy and are yellowish green to yellow and brownish colored and manifest amorphous character under fluorescence microscopy. The reflectance (Ro) measured for vitrinite and bituminite are about 0.66 ∼ 0.82 % and 0.1 ∼ 0.23%, respectively, indicating relatively low maturation of the isolated kerogen material. Fusinite and semifusinite are opaque (transmitted), have much higher reflectance (reflected), are not fluorescent (fluorescence).
Petrographic composition of organic matter in the Kupferschiefer horizon of Poland
Published in Adam Piestrzyński, Mineral Deposits at the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2001
G. J. Nowak, S. Speczik, S. Oszczepalski
The commonest organic components (macerals) of the Kupferschiefer samples studied are liptinite and unstructured matter, with rare vitrinite and inertinite. Liptinite group consists of liptodetrinite, sporinite, alginite and vitrinite-like bituminite.
A review of the Gippsland Basin history based on comparison of 3D structural, stratigraphic and forward sedimentation models: recognition of source, reservoir, traps and canyons
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2023
The simulations show how, around the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary and into the Coniacian (e.g. 97–86 Ma), a fluvio-lacustrine dominated paleoenvironment developed in the offshore Central Deep area, which models the development of the Emperor Subgroup (Figure 2), with initiation of many intracratonic lakes that at times probably coalesced into an extensive shallow inland seaway. This area of pervasive lacustrine to shallow inland seaway lies beneath all of the major petroleum fields, including the giant Kingfish, Halibut, Fortescue, Flounder, Bream, Barracouta, Marlin, Snapper, Kipper, Tuna and Perch (Figure 12). The simulations indicate that these pervasive lacustrine to shallow sea facies were reasonably persistent and stabilised over a period of about 4–7 million years, long enough to deposit a succession of non-marine organic-rich black mudstones and sapropelic coals, as produced on cross-sections through the simulations. These mainly Turonian shales deposited in these restricted depositional and intra-rift tectonic settings, especially around the edges of shallow water lakes and in lake deltas, are highly likely to have had poor circulation, with possible density stratification and hyper-saline in places with bottom anoxia and local euxinic conditions. These settings are ideal for accumulation and preservation of liptinites including alginite and bituminite, and could be the additional missing source rock for Gippsland oils postulated by Murray et al. (2021). Remarkably, this period is coincident with the Cenomanian–Turonian Ocean Anoxic Event seen elsewhere in many basins that is one of the world’s largest global carbon cycle perturbations (Jarvis et al., 2011).
The Influence of Water Immersion on the Physical and Chemical Structure of Coal
Published in Combustion Science and Technology, 2022
Zhian Huang, Xinhui Zhao, Yukun Gao, Zhenlu Shao, Yinghua Zhang, Xiaohan Liu
This study chose three kinds of coal with different metamorphic degrees as the original coal samples: lignite, bituminite, and anthracite. After water immersion for a certain period of time, a specific surface and pore size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier infrared spectrometer were used to study the physical and chemical structures of the experimental coal samples and analyze their influences on the coal spontaneous combustion characteristics after water immersion.