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A Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Production
Published in Bhaskar Singh, Ramesh Oraon, Advanced Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production, 2023
Mariany Costa Deprá, Patrícia Arrojo da Silva, Paola Lasta, Leila Queiroz Zepka, Eduardo Jacob-Lopes
As shown in Figure 11.4, the main stages in the process of obtaining biodiesel from sunflower consist of pressing, extraction and transesterification. Raw material pressing is done in a screw press or expeller, which results in a higher oil content (Raß et al., 2008). Oil extraction from sunflower seeds is carried out by pressing, followed by solvent extraction. This combination produces a higher oil yield, therefore, the advantage of this process is to allow pressing and subsequent extraction by solvent, as they are quite difficult to process using the direct extraction method (Kartika et al., 2010). The transesterification of sunflower oil to obtain biodiesel consists of replacing triglyceride glycerol with a short-chain alcohol in the presence of a catalyst.
Numerical simulation of the fuel injection systems
Published in Nicolae Vasiliu, Daniela Vasiliu, Constantin Călinoiu, Radu Puhalschi, Simulation of Fluid Power Systems with Simcenter Amesim, 2018
Nicolae Vasiliu, Daniela Vasiliu, Constantin Călinoiu, Radu Puhalschi
Using the sunflower meal as soil fertilizer, farm producing biofuel is a 100% sustainable activity. All we take from the land will be oil, a result of plant magic that tracks the Sun; absorbs the energy; and uses it to split the water and CO2; releases most of the oxygen; and combines the remaining oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon into an energy-rich oil for later use (it is solar technology at its best). Designed by God, sunflower is the best natural solar panel and for long energy storage, accomplished in a process that is renewable and self-replicable.
Evaluation of machinability and economic performance in cryogenic-assisted hard turning of α-β titanium: a step towards sustainable manufacturing
Published in Machining Science and Technology, 2019
Muhammad Jamil, Aqib Mashood Khan, Ning He, Liang Li, Asif Iqbal, Mozammel Mia
The fundamental objective of MQL is not the evacuation of heat, but to provide enough lubrication to explicitly improve the chip sliding along the rake face of the cutting tool (Gupta and Laubscher, 2017). A customized MQL setup delivered the lubricant oil on the rake face of the carbide tool, with a single duct, at the rate of 250 ml/h at compressed air pressure of 3 bar (Ramana, 2017). MQL setup consisted of an aerosol (25 mm far from the cutting zone) that supplied fine droplet of oil supply. The pure sunflower oil was used as the lubricant in MQL to reduce the non-biodegradable behavior associated with the addition of extreme pressure additives and surfactants. Sunflower vegetable oil (edible oil category), a bio-lubricant, was used because of its eco-benign nature, higher flash point within justifiable cost, less toxicity and higher biodegradability as compared to mineral oil-based cutting oils (Jamil et al., 2019). The cryogenic cooling system consisted of a container, control valve, vacuum insulation, manifold and a nozzle. LN2 was used as cryogen due to its superior lubro-coolant characteristics, that is, increase the thermal conductivity of carbide tool, and produce lower friction coefficient at the tool–chip interface (Kishawy, 2002). The internal pressure of the container was controlled by two relief valves. The flow rate for the cryogenic medium was 0.35 L/min employed at rake face of the tool.
Associative interplay of Pseudomonas gessardii BLP141 and pressmud ameliorated growth, physiology, yield, and Pb-toxicity in sunflower
Published in Bioremediation Journal, 2021
Adnan Raza Altaf, Haipeng Teng, Muhammad Saleem, Hamaad Raza Ahmad, Muhammad Adil, Khurram Shahzad
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the third most potential oilseed crop in Pakistan after Rapeseed. During the last two decades, sunflower cultivation had been continuously increased as an important prospective oilseed crop for edible oil production. However, a declining trend has built-in its cultivation due to a substantial decrease in crop yield since 2010 (Amjad 2014; Aftab, Mehmood, and Mustafa 2019). Over the last decades, most countries worldwide, including Pakistan, have reported the lead concentration has been increasing significantly in the soil and becoming a core factor for reducing crop yield (Waseem et al. 2014; Lyu et al. 2016).
Friction and wear characteristics of vegetable oils using nanoparticles for sustainable lubrication
Published in Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces, 2018
Wani Khalid Shafi, Ankush Raina, Mir Irfan Ul Haq
There are two types of sunflower oils, high linoleic and high oleic. High linoleic has large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids present (about 59%) and monounsaturated percentage is about 30%. High oleic oils have large amount monounsaturated fatty acids about 80% with very less linoleic acids. Most recently, a hybrid of the two has been prepared. Since both the types of sunflower oil have very less amount of saturated fatty acids. High oleic high palmitic oil with a palmitic acid percentage of 23 has been synthesised and has shown better oxidative stability [43].