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The principles governing fluids in motion
Published in Bernard S. Massey, John Ward-Smith, Mechanics of Fluids, 2018
Bernard S. Massey, John Ward-Smith
A point in a fluid stream where the velocity is reduced to zero is known as a stagnation point. Any non-rotating obstacle placed in the stream produces a stagnation point next to its upstream surface. Consider the symmetrical object illustrated in Fig. 3.10 as an example. On each side of the central streamline OX the flow is deflected round the object. The divergence of the streamlines indicates that the velocity along the central streamline decreases as the point X is approached. The contour of the body itself, however, consists of streamlines (since no fluid crosses it) and the fluid originally moving along the streamline OX cannot turn both left and right on reaching X. The velocity at X is therefore zero: X is a stagnation point.
Convective Transport: Systems with Curvature
Published in Joel L. Plawsky, Transport Phenomena Fundamentals, 2020
The fluid flow situation is shown in Figure 13.1. At the leading edge of the surface we have a point along the axis of the flow where the velocity is zero. This is referred to as the forward stagnation point and it is here where the velocity abruptly changes directions. The stagnation point represents the point of highest pressure where the kinetic energy per unit volume of the fluid is converted into pressure work and we can use the mechanical energy balance to evaluate the pressure there.
Energy Equation
Published in Ahlam I. Shalaby, Fluid Mechanics for Civil and Environmental Engineers, 2018
One may note that, similar to the pitot tube, there is a stagnation point on any stationary body that is placed into a flowing fluid (or alternatively, there is a stagnation point on any moving body in a stationary flow field). In the flow over a submerged body (see Figure 4.18), some of the fluid flows over the body and some flows under the body, while the fluid is brought to a stop at the nose of the body at the stagnation point, as illustrated in Figure 4.19. Furthermore, the dividing line is called the stagnation streamline and ends at the stagnation point on the submerged body, where the pressure is the stagnation pressure, as illustrated in Figure 4.20. The stagnation pressure is the largest pressure attainable along a given streamline. The Bernoulli equation between points 1 and 2 (along the stagnation streamline) expressed in terms of pressure is given as follows: p1+γz1+ρv122=p2+γz2+ρv222 which states that the total pressure is a constant along a streamline. The point of stagnation (point 2) represents the conversion of all of the kinetic energy into an ideal pressure rise, where the fluid is momentarily brought to a stop. Therefore, at that stagnation point, the drag force, FD is composed only of the resultant pressure force, FP that acts in the direction of the flow (there is no shear force, Ff component in the direction of the flow).
Non-similar modeling for the stagnation point mixed convection nanofluid flow with the temperature-dependent variable viscosity
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Muavia Mansoor, Yasir Nawaz, Bilal Ahmad, Qazi Mahmood Ul-Hassan
The stagnation point is the point during the fluid flow where the fluid velocity becomes zero. A conventional flow problem involves in the application of fluid mechanics is the two-dimensional flows near a stagnation point. Hiemenz [4] was the first to propose the work on the stagnation point. Homann [5] extended this work for an axisymmetric flow. Mahapatra and Gupta [6] investigated the effects of heat transfer during the stagnation point flow over a stretching surface. Whereas its effects over the shrinking sheet were analyzed by Wang [7]. Mansor et al. [8] considered Buongiorno’s model and analysis the effects of stagnation flow in nanofluids. Slip effects of boundary layer flow near the stagnation point in the presence of a magnetic field were discussed by Aman et al. [9]. Bachok and Ishak [10] considered the flow over a nonlinearly stretching sheet and proposed a similarity solution for his model. Considerable attention and a good amount of literature have been generated on this problem [11–15].
Mathematical analysis of MHD stagnation point flow of Cu-blood nanofluid past an exponential stretchable surface
Published in International Journal for Computational Methods in Engineering Science and Mechanics, 2021
Santosh Chaudhary, Ajay Singh, KM Kanika
A point in a flow field is known as stagnation point if at that point the local velocity of the fluid is zero. The highest heat transfer rate, mass decomposition and pressure exist at the stagnation region. The stagnation point flow has attracted the interest of many authors and scientists because of its applications in the area of engineering and aerospace technology. Some examples of these applications are submarines, flow toward tips of aircraft wings, processing of food, production of paper, production of glass fiber and continuous casting. Hiemenz [11] is the first one who addressed the two-dimensional stagnation point flow problem. This analysis was later extended by Homann [12], who proposed the three-dimensional stagnation point flow. Some more comprehensive works have been introduced by Ariel [13], Wu et al. [14], Bachok et al. [15], Alsaedi et al. [16], Pal and Mandal [17], Mahapatra and Sidui [18], Khan et al. [19], Ahmed et al. [20], Chaudhary and Kanika [21], and Sarkar and Sahoo [22], which illustrate the behaviors of flow near a stagnation region under a range of various conditions.
Numerical analysis of entropy generation in the stagnation point flow of Oldroyd-B nanofluid
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Shahzad Munir, Asma Maqsood, Umer Farooq, Muzamil Hussain, Muhammad Israr Siddiqui, Taseer Muhammad
Over the years, stagnation flow has been studied by many researchers on account of its applications in numerous fields. The stagnation flow was initially investigated by Hiemenz [19] over a fixed horizontal plate. The applications of stagnation point flow include polymer extrusion, drawing of plastic sheets, wire drawing, cooling of electronic devices, and numerous hydrodynamic processes in engineering applications. Almakki et al. [20] analyzed the aspects of entropy production in the 2-D stagnation point flow of different non-Newtonian fluids with nanoparticles. Uddin et al. [21] and Bhatti et al. [22] elaborated the concept of numerically duality and robust numerical technique to obtain MHD-dependent solutions of stagnation flow over a shrinking/stretching sheet.