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Reagents for Water Treatment
Published in Willy J. Masschelein, Unit Processes in Drinking Water Treatment, 2020
Sodium chlorate is available commercially as a crystalline solid of melting point about 250°C, containing more than 99% NaC103. “Herbicide” variants containing 60 to 66 wt% NaC103 are also available. The product is available in unit packages up to 25 to 100 kg or in solid bulk.
Product: Alfa-Tox
Published in Charles R. Foden, Jack L. Weddell, First Responder’s Guide to Agricultural Chemical Accidents, 2018
Charles R. Foden, Jack L. Weddell
HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Sodium chlorate is a soluble, solid oxidizing material. Ingestion of toxic dust (at least 1/2 once) leads to severe gastroenteric pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Possible respiratory difficulties, including failure of respiration. Kidney and liver injury may also be produced. The lethal oral dose for an adult is approximately 15 gm. Contact with the eyes causes irritation. Prolonged exposure to solid or dust may irritate skin. A physician should be contacted if anyone develops any signs or symptoms and suspects that they are caused by exposure to sodium chlorate.
Adaptive neuro-fuzzy approach to sodium chlorate cell modeling to predict cell pH for energy-efficient chlorate production
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2021
Sreepriya Sreekumar, Aparna Kallingal, Vinila Mundakkal Lakshmanan
Sodium chlorate production is one of the biggest energy-intensive industrial-scale electrochemical processes. The global production rate of sodium chlorate is 3.6 million tons annually. The paper industry consumes a major part of the sodium chlorate produced; it is used to manufacture chlorine dioxide that serves as a bleaching agent. It is also used to produce ammonium perchlorate, which is used as an oxidizer in rockets. Chlorates are also used for agricultural applications as defoliant and herbicide, also as chemical oxygen generators in aircraft and submarines, and as an oxidizer for uranium milling (Vogt 1981; Viswanathan 1984; Hedenstedt 2017). A major issue in sodium chlorate production is high-power consumption. Approximately 5000–6000 kWh energy is required to produce a ton of sodium chlorate crystal (Karlsson and Cornell 2016). It was estimated that the power consumption accounts for over 70% of the production costs. Hence, the effectiveness of the process must be improved, which will be beneficial from the economic and environmental points of view.