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23Na
Published in Guillaume Madelin, X-Nuclei Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2022
The sodium-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery analogous to the commercially widespread lithium-ion battery. It is based on the same working principle and cell construction, but lithium ions are replaced by sodium ions as the charge carriers, and consists of sodium-based cathode, an anode (not necessarily a sodium-based) and a liquid electrolyte containing dissociated sodium salts in polar protic or aprotic solvents. Sodium batteries have seen a resurgence of interest in recent years, owing to numerous favorable properties, such as low cost and high abundance of sodium on Earth, moderate to high energy density, high safety and high cycling stability. In situ 23Na MRS and MRI methods have therefore the potential to be used as non-invasive tools for studying sodium battery electrochemistry during cycling.
Electrochemical Applications
Published in Yongqing Cai, Gang Zhang, Yong-Wei Zhang, Phosphorene, 2019
Sodium-ion batteries have attracted a great attention due to its low-coat technology for large-scale applications, compared to that of lithium-ion batteries. Moreover, the performance of the recent developed sodium-ion battery is comparable to the counterpart of lithium-ion battery. Since the Na ions have a much larger radius (1.02 A) than that of Li ions (0.76 A) and preferably coordinate in octahedral or prismatic sites, it is hard to find crystalline host materials that perform both high electrochemical capacity and cyclability for Na ion insertion reaction.57 Recent studies show that alloy-type anode materials, such as Si, Sn, Sb, etc., show high specific capacities but exhibit poor reversibility due to the large volume expansion and slow Na Kinetics,58 while anode materials such as Na3V2(PO4)3 reveal prolonged cycle life, however with, limited capacity.59 Therefore, it is highly desirable to find anode materials which co-exhibit high capacity, fast Na diffusion, and good structural stability.
Chapter 5 Mesoporous Materials for Batteries
Published in Jian Liu, San Ping Jiang, Mesoporous Materials for Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Technologies, 2017
Kuang-Hsu (Tim) Wu, Hamid Arandiyan, J.u. Sun, Cui Yanglansen, Da-Wei Wang
Because of the low cost and abundance of Sodium, sodium ion battery is one of the promising alternatives for lithium ion battery. Although the chemistry of sodium ion batteries is supposed to be similar to lithium ion batteries, commercialized graphite is not suitable for sodium ion battery because of the different intercalation mechanism of sodium ion due its larger size than lithium ion. In recent years, intensive research has been done to explore novel electrode material suitable for sodium ion batteries. Sung-Wool Kim and coworkers investigated the potential anode material for SIBs [48]. Conversion compounds and alloying compounds are also pursued for SIBs. This compound had significant volume change during charge and discharge. Mesoporous carbon has been widely used for confining growth of nanoparticles for lithium ion batteries. The same strategy has been introduced in SIBs.
Mn-doped NaFeO2 from a low purity-Fe precursor and its performance as cathode for Sodium-Ion Battery
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2020
Fitria Rahmawati, Arum A Kusumaningtyas, Teguh E Saraswati, Anton Prasetyo, Veinardi Suendo
Nowadays, the battery is an important device to support life activities, in which Lithium-Ion Battery, LIB, is now dominating the world market. However, recently, lithium source limitation is being considered as an obstacle to the sustainability of future production. Some researchers start to calculate sodium to substitute lithium ions as charge carriers within a battery or named as Sodium-Ion Battery, SIB,[1,2] Sodium is cheaper than lithium and more abundantly available on earth,[3] has a competitive charge-discharge, good reversibility, and also provides a high Columbic efficiency.[4,5]