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Determination of metals in marine sediments
Published in T. R. Crompton, Determination of Metals and Anions in Soils, Sediments and Sludges, 2020
When uniform methods of collection and analysis are used, the deeper layers of the oceans give remarkably consistent results. Replicate samples, taken with a Niskin rosette sampler rigged to close six 5 L bottles simultaneously, displayed a standard deviation of ±1.3 pg of carbon per litre [77].
Revealing the factors affecting occurrence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediments of Lake Baikal and its tributaries
Published in Chemistry and Ecology, 2018
Mikhail Yu Semenov, Irina I. Marinaite, Natalia A. Zhuchenko, Anton V. Silaev, Konstantin E. Vershinin, Yuri M. Semenov
Surface lake water and bottom sediments were sampled near shore (in front of some river deltas) and at deep sites from north to south. Lake water was sampled using Rosette sampler consisting of 24 water bottles. Only surface water samples (0–1 m) were subjected to chemical analysis. Riverine water samples were collected from the surface not far from river mouths. Ten lake tributaries were taken into consideration. These include: major tributaries such as Selenga, Barguzin and Upper Angara rivers located on the eastern coast, other rivers of the eastern coast such as Utulik, Snegnaya, Pereemnaya and Khara-Murin flowing down the northern side of Khamar-Daban Ridge, and rivers of the western coast such as Krestovka, Goloustnaya and Buguldeyka. Thirty-six samples of lake water and 22 samples of riverine water were collected in total. All water samples were refrigerated until analysis. Bottom sediments were obtained using the gravity corer. Only 0–1 cm section was further subjected to chemical analysis. Sediment samples transferred to polyethylene bags and stored at 4°C until extraction. Twenty-three samples of bottom sediments were collected in total.
Flux and distribution of methane (CH4) in the Gunsan Basin of the southeastern Yellow Sea, off the Western Korea
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2018
Jun-Ho Lee, Han Jun Woo, Seung-Kyu Son, Moonkoo Kim, Dong-Hun Lee, Urumu Tsunogai, Kap-Sik Jeong
In the Gunsan Basin, the seawater samples at several water depths from the surface were collected at total 14 stations by using carousel Niskin bottles (each bottle, 10 L in volume) attached to the Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth (CTD) on the R/V Eardo during 2013–2014 and R/V Onnuri 2015 (Fig. 2; Table 1). The surface seawater samples were collected with a single 2 L Niskin bottle. Samples at stations of A, B, and C lines were collected in 2013, 2014, and 2015, respectively. Temperature and salinity were immediately measured onboard with a conductivity meter (Orion 145A+, Thermo Scientific). Samples for CH4 analyses were transferred from the Niskin bottles into two 125 mL serum (duplicate samples) bottles to measure CH4 mass and one 1,000 mL polypropylene bottle to measure for chlorophyll-a concentration of seawater via rubber tubes immediately after the rosette sampler was recovered. The bottles were stored at 4°C in the dark. Seawater samples were stabilized for at least 6 h (at standard temperature, 20°C maintained) and analyzed for CH4 concentration at the laboratory of research ship (Fig. 3). The chlorophyll-a was analyzed after the water samples were directly filtered using a glass fiber filter (diameter: 47 mm).