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Cyanobacteria: A Biocatalyst in Microbial Fuel Cell for Sustainable Electricity Generation
Published in Lakhveer Singh, Durga Madhab Mahapatra, Waste to Sustainable Energy, 2019
Thingujam Indrama, O.N. Tiwari, Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay, Abhijit Mondal, Biswanath Bhunia
Chlorophyll-b shows the absorption maximum at 680 nm. It is already established that both centers are boosted to higher energy levels during adsorption of light energy. However, it is further emitted and passed to electron carriers. It is obviously true that passed energy is reduced due to splitting of water, and electron is passed towards potential gradient through redox active species (Kruse et al. 2005). Therefore, the energy is released in the form of ATP, and release of protons takes place from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen due to pH gradient (Kruse et al. 2005). As the protons are diffused against the concentration gradient, they flow with ATP synthetase (Kruse et al. 2005). Cyclic phosphorylation can take place if large amounts of NADPH exist and subsequently, electrons drive from the electron transport chain to PSI. The above electron from PSI is further passed to PSII. However, during formation of ATP, the electrons return to PSI and make PSII redundant. Depending on conditions, electrons can reduce protons to molecular hydrogen or reduce oxygen to water (Maly et al. 2005). The stroma of chloroplasts is the place where light independent reactions occur; however, previously generated ATP for energy is required. In the Calvin cycle, rubisco catalysed the combination process between carbon dioxide and sugar ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate RuBP (Kruse et al. 2005).
Exploration of green integrated approach for effluent treatment through mass culture and biofuel production from unicellular alga, Acutodesmus obliquus RDS01
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019
Silambarasan Tamil Selvan, Balasubramani Govindasamy, Sanjivkumar Muthusamy, Dhandapani Ramamurthy
The photosynthetic organisms produce the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) enzyme intracellularly, however, the RuBisCO enzyme activated in the process of Calvin Benson Bassham pathway enriched the fixation of carbon dioxide into biomass (Loganathan et al.2016). RuBisCO enzymes has involved in the first major step of CO2 fixation. The energy conversion of atmospheric CO2 by photosynthetic organisms, would improve the bio-sequestration of CO2 and occur as important climate change strategy (Parry et al.2003). The main-purpose of microalgal biomass is for the biofuel, which completely relies on cultivation and harvesting at cheaper value (Pouliot et al.1989; Roeges 1994; Chisti 2007; Shen et al.2008).
Mathematical model validation of floating PV parks impact on the growth of green algae using experimental chamber
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
ATP and NADPH generated by the light reaction are necessary for the photosynthetic dark reaction. In this reaction, a high-energy sugar is formed using ATP and NADPH. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, a five-carbon acceptor molecule, bonds to a carbon dioxide molecule (RuBP). The 6-carbon complex results in dividing into two PGA molecules. The photoreaction’s ATP and NADPH energy is employed to change the PGA molecule into a tri-carbonate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate molecule (G3P). The differential equation for the dark reaction can be stated as if C is the concentration of CO2 (Shevtsov et al. 2016):