China 
Africa 
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Monitoring and Modeling of Pollutant Emissions from Small-Scale Biomass Combustion
Published in Mateusz Szubel, Mariusz Filipowicz, Biomass in Small-Scale Energy Applications: Theory and Practice, 2019
The studies by Fine et al. (2001) and AQEG (2017) show that selected PAH retene also can be a good marker of biomass combustion. It was observed that the concentrations of retene are related to wood burning and there is no relationship between retene concentrations and emissions from traffic.
Transcriptome analysis of Takifugu obscurus liver in response to acute retene exposure
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2020
Shulun Jiang, Di-an Fang, Dongpo Xu
Retene (1-methyl-7-isopropyl-phenanthrene, RET) is one of the most abundant PAHs released during the burning of cellulose. As a 3-ring PAH, RET is formed through the biotransformation of conifer resin (dehydroabietic) acid from pulp and paper mill effluents,[10] and it is a component of petroleum.[11] Previous studies show that the threshold concentration of waterborne RET is approximately 16-32 mg/L in contaminated areas.[12,13] RET is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. RET exposure can activate AhR and its downstream genes, thus leading to cardiovascular developmental defects.[14,15] A study conducted in the Amazon region indicated that RET, as a potential PM10 compound, induced genotoxicity and cell death in the human lungs.[16] Treatment with RET for 72 h has resulted in lung cell cytotoxicity and lung cell death.[17] In fishes, RET photoproducts generated reactive oxygen species that led to cell injury and mortality.[18] In zebrafish (Danio rerio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), RET exposure led to early development suppression and harmed liver and heart functions.[14,19–21] A more thorough study of RET toxicity in fish at a molecular level could provide new insight on the mechanisms underlying its toxic effects on survival, development, and physiological metabolism.