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Toxicological Chemistry of Chemical Substances
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
Pyridine, a colorless liquid with a sharp, penetrating, “terrible” odor, is an aromatic amine in which an N atom is part of a six-membered ring. This widely used industrial chemical is only moderately toxic with a toxicity rating of 3. Symptoms of pyridine poisoning include anorexia, nausea, fatigue, and, in cases of chronic poisoning, mental depression. In a few rare cases, pyridine poisoning has been fatal.
Amines
Published in Michael B. Smith, A Q&A Approach to Organic Chemistry, 2020
The name pyrrole and pyridine constitute the IUPAC base name of all derivatives of these compounds. The nitrogen always receives the lowest number (1). The ring is numbered to give the smallest combination of substituent numbers. What is the name of (a), (b), (c), and (d).
Other Feedstocks—Coal, Oil Shale, and Biomass
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
Pyridine has long been used as a solvent, in the production of rubber chemicals, textile water-repellant agents and in the synthesis of drugs. The derivatives 2-benzylpyridine and 2- aminopyridine, are used in the preparation of antihistamines. Another market for pyridine is in the manufacture of the nonpersistent herbicides diquat and paraquat.
Synthesis and characterization of zinc(II) complexes with new pyridine-based ligands: crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and molecular docking study of lung cancer cell
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2020
Numerous studies have been conducted in coordination chemistry, thanks to pyridine compounds’ various chemical, steric, electronic, and electrostatic properties as well as donor atoms [1]. Pyridines, which contain heterosubstituents, are biologically active compounds [2, 3]. In particular, molecules with the pyridine ring play important roles in the biological system; these include nucleic acids, vitamins, coenzymes, antibiotics, and proteins. Many pyridine-based compounds have been proven effective in pharmaceutical drugs and agricultural products [4, 5]. In addition, research has reported the use of these compounds in treating diseases of the brain, in anesthetic agents, in the treatment of neurological diseases, as well as anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agents [6]. Cancer, which continues to be one of the most fatal diseases globally, has many derivatives [7]. Although different treatment methods are used, cancer-targeted treatment studies are not fully effective. Therefore, researching and developing new therapeutic drugs and target molecules to treat cancer is of great importance [8]. Zinc(II) is a critical element in the maintenance of the immune system and a very important metal ion. It plays a highly significant role in enzyme activity in various important cellular biochemical reactions [9–11]. Zinc is a general stimulant of antiviral immunity. The most common types of cancers are lung, prostate, breast, and brain cancers. Lung cancer causes the most cancer-related deaths among males. Surgical removal of malignant lung tumors in the early stage of the disease may be the best treatment option; however, if the symptoms of lung cancer are detected at a very late stage, cancer may have already spread to other organs.
Cross sections for electron collision with pyridine [C5H5N] molecule
Published in Molecular Physics, 2019
Czesław Szmytkowski, Sylwia Stefanowska, Natalia Tańska, Bożena Żywicka, Elżbieta Ptasińska-Denga, Paweł Możejko
Pyridine [CHN] is an aromatic heterocyclic compound structurally related to benzene [CH], with one CH group in the ring replaced by a nitrogen atom (cf. Figure 1). The pyridine unit occurs in many compounds of biological importance, for example, in nicotine and B-group vitamins. Also, pyridine is used as a precursor to agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals and as a reagent and solvent. Numerous pyridine derivatives have importance for modern clinical applications [7].
Diffusional effects on anaerobic biodegradation of pyridine in a stationary basket bioreactor with immobilized Bacillus spp. cells
Published in Environmental Technology, 2018
Dan Caşcaval, Alexandra Cristina Blaga, Anca-Irina Galaction
Pyridine is one of the most encountered and, implicitly, important pollutant from the N-heterocyclic compounds class. Although it can be naturally produced in the environment by metabolic pathways of various organisms, the main sources of pyridine are the chemical and related industries (dyes and solvents, pharmaceutical, food, adhesives and resins, oil, and coal), as well as the use of pesticides and herbicides in agriculture [1–3]. Pyridine is known as a very toxic and rather persistent pollutant in environment compound, which severely affects human and organism health, being irritant, teratogenic, and carcinogenic.