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The Role of Manufacturing Process Design in Technology Commercialization
Published in Harriet B. Nembhard, Elizabeth A. Cudney, Katherine M. Coperich, Emerging Frontiers in Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2019
Brian K. Paul, Patrick McNeff, Sam Brannon, Michael O’Halloran
Like all design activities, MPD starts by establishing a set of requirements. Manufacturing process requirements are the technical and business requirements that must be satisfied by a MPD. Three sets of requirements are considered for MPD. First, the product being developed has performance requirements and a set of conditions that expand into material and geometric specifications by the product designer. These requirements include dimensional and geometric tolerances which are typically communicated by the product designer in the form of engineering models and drawings. Second, the product must be produced at a cost target for a particular market size that enables the entrepreneur to make a profit. It is recognized that different markets require different cost targets and have different market sizes. The manufacturing engineer will want to start with a product that allows for the highest cost target and the largest market demand. Market demand determines the volume of production which is a key factor in driving down the cost of components. Third, downstream processes often set requirements for upstream processes. Examples include brazing clearances or joint configurations for welding that must be machined or otherwise formed in an upstream step. Together, these process requirements are used to drive process specifications in the form of a manufacturing process flow diagram (PFD).
Flow Sheets, Equipment Lists and Line Lists
Published in Siddhartha Mukherjee, Process Engineering and Plant Design, 2021
A process flow diagram (PFD) is the key document in describing a process. Such diagram is read in conjunction with the process description and in addition contains stream details which are linked to the heat and material balance of the process. The material balance calculations are carried out using commercial software also called “flow-sheeting programs.” The sequence of equipment in a PFD follows the flow of material as it will occur in the actual process plant [1]. The following are major constituents of a PFD:Item numbers of all equipmentDesignations of all equipmentFlow route and process flow directionMajor process control loopsDesignations of feed, product and co-product producedStream numbers of all major process lines. The stream numbers are linked to the heat and mass balance.Temperature, pressure and flow of certain specific lines are also shown in some casesFigure 2.4 illustrates a typical PFD of a stripper column where a solvent loaded with sour gases coming from an absorber is stripped in a stripper column to yield sour gases from the top of the column and lean solvent from the bottom.
Design framework for sail & rigging parameters of Bodrum Gulets: comparison of schooner and ketch configurations
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2022
A parametric design framework (Figure 18) is obtained by using the hull, the sails and the rigging parameters. This framework enables to obtain various parameters in the preliminary design process of a Bodrum Gulet only by determining LOA. In the design framework, universal symbols of a process flow diagram are used. The parametric design starts with defining the LOA for a Bodrum Gulet and continues with calculating the hull form parameters. Before calculating the sail and rigging parameters, a decision process takes place to determine rigging configuration. Trendlines as well as the formulas given the related figures can be used in determining the hull, sail and rigging parameters.