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Dielectric Analysis of Different Natural and Synthetic Polymer Types
Published in Jose James, K.P. Pramoda, Sabu Thomas, Polymers and Multicomponent Polymeric Systems, 2019
Hugo Salazar, Pedro M. Martins, C.M. Costa, S. Lanceros-Méndez
Polybutylene succinate (PBS) is a biopolymer resulting from esterification of succinic acid with 1,4-butanediol and eventually a third monomer (Figure 10.11). This is a two-step process, starting with the reaction of succinate acid with 1,4-butanediol to form PBS oligomers. The second step is the catalytic esterification to form a high-molecular-weight PBS. It is derived from fossil materials but can be completely biobased depending on the monomers. It is a crystalline and aliphatic polymer, and its mechanical and thermal properties depend on the degree of crystallinity. PBS has mechanical properties similar to polypropylene, with good tensile and impact strength, which depend on the molecular weight of the polymer. However, the price of PBS when compared with PP prevents it from being a substitute to PP in most of the applications [63].
Challenges and Perspectives of Biodegradable Composites
Published in Arbind Prasad, Ashwani Kumar, Kishor Kumar, Biodegradable Composites for Packaging Applications, 2023
One of the important biodegradable polyesters, polybutylene succinate (PBS) can be synthesized by polycondensation reaction between succinic acid and butanediol [23]. The synthesis reactions are carried out in two steps: initially the esterification between the diacid and diol followed by polycondensation reactions at higher temperature to get PBS. PBS has some excellent properties such as thermal and chemical resistance and processability [24]. It is mainly used in packaging, films, commodity products, etc. [25].
Biopolymer composites: a review
Published in International Journal of Biobased Plastics, 2021
Basheer Aaliya, Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal Sunooj, Maximilian Lackner
The biodegradable polymers derived from petrochemical resources are polybutylene succinate (PBS), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), and polycaprolactone (PCL). PBS are easily processed semi-crystalline thermoplastic polyesters with acceptable thermo-mechanical properties comparable to PP [77], and thus widely used in bottles and films production. PBS is made up of 1,4-butanediol and succinic acid from renewable resources [14]. The tensile strength (30–35 MPa) of PBS is similar to that of PP and the Young’s modulus (300–800 MPa) is between low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) [74]. PBAT belonging to the family of aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters is a biodegradable copolymer of terephthalate and butylene adipate produced by melt polycondensation process [74]. PVA is a hydrophilic semi-crystalline biopolymer exhibiting good mechanical strength and biocompatibility. The properties of PVA make it a promising material for biological as well as industrial applications [63]. PCL is a hydrophobic semi-crystalline aliphatic polyester prepared by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. PCL is tough and ductile (elongation at break ~600–800%) and has low glass transition temperature (~ −60°C) and melting temperature (~60°C) [74]. It is mainly used in packaging and biomedical applications.