China 
Africa 
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Epidemiological Analysis of an Outbreak of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Disease in the World
Published in Suman Lata Tripathi, Kanav Dhir, Deepika Ghai, Shashikant Patil, Health Informatics and Technological Solutions for Coronavirus (COVID-19), 2021
Successful oxygen treatments are provided which includes oxygen provided by a nasal catheter or mask, depending on changes in oxygen saturation. High-flow oxygen treatment is carried out through nose, noninvasive or aggressive mechanical ventilation, etc., if necessary.
Introduction to Clinical Surveillance
Published in John R. Zaleski, Clinical Surveillance, 2020
The AAMI has conducted and reported on the patient safety impact of medical device alarms—both audible and remotely communicated—for years, and though there has been a significant amount of research into techniques for alarm signal reduction, there is no one approach that works perfectly for all patients, all units or wards, and all situations [29]. Thus, although simple alarms can be communicated as threshold breaches associated with the value of a particular finding exceeding a known parameter threshold, the impact of the parameter from the perspective of whether it is clinically actionable is unknown unless more information and greater context is brought to bear relative to the situation and the patient. A good example of this is the setting of limit thresholds on the peripheral oxygen saturation parameter, SpO2. The finding SpO2 is a proxy measurement for the arterial oxygen content associated with the amount of oxygen contained in the hemoglobin found in red blood cells. Values of oxygen saturation range from 0–100%, with values of 95% and above typically accepted as normal (i.e., not requiring supplemental oxygen or other interventions).
Pediatric conscious sedation
Published in William H. Bush, Karl N. Krecke, Bernard F. King, Michael A. Bettmann, Radiology Life Support (Rad-LS), 2017
Jane S. Matsumoto, John T. Wald
Artificially low oxygen saturations may be the result of a poor fit of the pulse oximeter. Supplementary or ‘blow-by’ oxygen is routinely used and is helpful for maintaining adequate oxygen saturation levels. If the saturation dips down to 94 per cent or lower, it is appropriate to stop the study, readjust the child’s head position, check the fit of the pulse oximeter, and increase oxygen delivery. Stimulation, although it has an adverse effect on the imaging study, may be needed to arouse the patient and improve oxygenation.
FPN-D-Based Driver Smoking Behavior Detection Method
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
Zuopeng Zhao, Haihan Zhao, Chen Ye, Xinzheng Xu, Kai Hao, Hualin Yan, Lan Zhang, Yi Xu
A driver smoking while driving not only harms their own health and that of others in their vicinity but also increases the risk of road accidents. Many drivers have a habit of smoking while driving vehicles, which may lead to many adverse consequences. When smoking, the driver usually controls the steering wheel with one hand that might tilt the body shifting the center of gravity. This uneven force may easily lead to irregular driving. The carbon monoxide in the smoke also affects the blood oxygen saturation in driver’s body. Physiological studies have shown that if the blood oxygen saturation in the human body is less than 80%, it will cause a series of symptoms of hypoxia, such as distraction, weak thinking ability, memory loss, mild motion disharmony, fatigue, etc. These factors are likely to pose a threat to driving safety. In addition, a driver smoking in the car not only affects the air quality inside the car but might also cause a fire inside the car. If the car is loaded with flammable or explosive dangerous goods, smoking may cause serious consequences. Thus, it is obvious that the smoking habit of a driver while driving seriously affects their ability to drive safely. Especially for those drivers who drive the “two passengers and one danger” vehicles, the habit of smoking while driving seriously affects the safety of life and property of the drivers themselves and also others and it is easy to cause irreparable consequences.