China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Ene-Reductases in Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Published in Peter Grunwald, Pharmaceutical Biocatalysis, 2019
Several protocols are available to synthesize chiral phosphonate derivatives chemically. In a recent approach a total set of eight ene-reductases from different sources was tested and a protocol for the asymmetric reduction of β-activated vinylphosphonates was developed at preparative scale using OYE3 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (Janicki et al., 2017). The synthesis runs in aqueous solution using a formate dehydrogenase for recycling of the nicotinamide cofactor. A panel of chiral phosphonates was produced with ee values of 97–99% and conversions of 16–99% from the (E)-isomer of α, β-unsaturated phosphonates (Scheme 10.10). The study could further demonstrate that phosphonate groups alone are not sufficient to activate alkene substrates but may serve as a secondary activating group inducing enhanced stereo-recognition by the enzymes due to steric effects (Janicki et al., 2017). Schematic representation of a panel of six β-activated vinylphosphonates which were stereoselectivity reduced by ene-reductases. Data from Janicki et al. (2017).
Medium Design for Cell Culture Processing
Published in Wei-Shou Hu, Cell Culture Bioprocess Engineering, 2020
Niacin, or nicotinamide (vitamin B3), is a precursor of NAD and NADP. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) or flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenosine dinucleotide (FAD) are important cofactors in many bio-chemical reactions.
Synthesis, characterization, X-ray structural analysis, DFT and BSA binding study of a Zn(II) complex, [Zn(II)Cl2(nia)2].2nia
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2021
Anju Saini, Raj Pal Sharma, Parmjeet Kaur, Priti Bansal, Bal Krishan, Paramjeet Kaur, Valeria Ferretti, Pankaj Kandwal
Nicotinamide (aka niacinamide, vitamin B3 or pyridine-3-carboxylic amide) belongs to water soluble vitamin B family. The structure of nia indicates two potential coordinating atoms, i.e. nitrogen of pyridine and oxygen of carboxamide group (-CONH2); besides this the hydrogen present on the nitrogen atom can form hydrogen bonds. It is found in food and is also used as a dietary supplement in the form of medication. It is a precursor for two important coenzymes, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), which takes part in redox as well as metabolic reactions [12,13]. It is available as a generic medicine and used for the treatment of various diseases, i.e. hypercholesterolemia, pellagra, acne and certain psychological disorders [13]. Moreover, zinc complexes of nicotinamide have drawn great attention from researchers because of their biological importance [14,15].
Investigation of spectral and structural properties of a coordination compound with phthalic acid: DFT and molecular docking studies
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2020
Heterocyclic compounds have been documented to play an important role as a component of various vitamins and drugs in many biological systems, particularly N-donor ligand systems [24–27]. Nicotinamide (= na) is a component of the vitamin B complex, also known as a component of the co-enzyme, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The metal complexes of nicotinamide are also biologically active against antibacterial or insulin mimetic agents. There are many studies in the literature on copper-nicotinamide complexes [28–32]. If phthalic acid [C6H4(COOH)2 = H2pht] (Figure 1) loses its hydrogen, it acts as an anionic ligand, but it can also act as a neutral ligand.
Innovation and improvement in food fortification: Microencapsulation of vitamin B2 and B3 by a spray-drying method and evaluation of the simulated release profiles
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
Ioana C. Carlan, Berta N. Estevinho, Fernando Rocha
Vitamin B3 is the generic name for niacin, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid and vitamin PP. NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) are specific co-enzymes required for cellular oxidation-reaction processes. Other essential functions of vitamin B3 are: boasts brain activity, improves cholesterol levels, reduces the risk of heart diseases and prevents birth defects.[6,8]