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Study of Mass Transfer of CMRs
Published in Chandan Das, Sujoy Bose, Advanced Ceramic Membranes and Applications, 2017
Despite the progress recognized in this area, further advances must expect the development of more stable and affordable catalytic membranes and membrane reactors. The probable benefits of such advances in the field of catalytic membrane and membrane reactors are the significant factors for possible large-scale applications in the oil and petrochemical industries. For this reason, the authors have carefully designed and analyzed catalytic membranes and membrane reactors to evaluate their potential advantages over the conventional process currently in operation. On account of high operating and manufacturing costs, the proposed scheme of using catalytic membrane reactors for sulfur recovery offers low capital investment and operating, manufacturing, and maintenance costs.
Transport Mechanisms and Membrane Separation Processes
Published in Mihir Kumar Purkait, Randeep Singh, Membrane Technology in Separation Science, 2018
Mihir Kumar Purkait, Randeep Singh
A membrane reactor is the combination of a membrane and reactor, where the role of a membrane is in product separation, reactant distribution, or catalyst support. This combination helps in achieving better control, efficiency, and economy of a process. Depending upon the application, different types of membranes and membrane reactors in different modes are used. Membrane reactors are used in various chemical, pharmaceutical, and biotechnology industries for different applications, like production and separation of a valuable product in the pharmaceutical or biotechnology industry, separation and reaction in the chemical industry, and purifying feeds in the case of environmental security.
Lipase Immobilization
Published in Sulaiman Al-Zuhair, Hanifa Taher, Supercritical Fluids Technology in Lipase Catalyzed Processes, 2016
Sulaiman Al-Zuhair, Hanifa Taher
The use of membrane reactors offers several advantages, including (1) a high specific surface area, (2) instantaneous reaction and separation of substrate and product, (3) reusing the lipase, and (4) continuous operation. Immobilization of lipase onto a membrane offers many advantages, such as a low drop in pressure when continuously operated, and high operational stability with low external and internal diffusional resistance (Giorno and Drioli, 2000). In these bioreactors, the lipase is immobilized on a membrane, which may be either a flat sheet (FSMR) or hollow fiber (HFMR).
Simulation of methanol steam reforming process for the production of hydrogen
Published in Indian Chemical Engineer, 2021
Fazil Qureshi, Faizan Ahmad, Mohammad Idrees, Ali Asif Khan, Sadaf Zaidi
Membrane reactor combines reaction with separation to increase the conversion and yield. Pd/Pd-Ag membranes have very high permeability [19–21] for hydrogen as compared to other gases with 100% perm-selectivity. The transport mechanism follows for H2 permeation through the membrane is the dissociation-solution diffusion [22]. Using Fick's law, the hydrogen permeation flux through the Pd/Pd-alloy membrane in terms of permeability coefficient can be written as follows: where JH2, Hydrogen flux; PtH2, H2 pressure in the reaction or retentate side (high pressure); PsH2, H2 pressure in the shell or permeate side (low pressure); δ, membrane thickness; n = 0.5 according to the Sievert's half power pressure law; pm, hydrogen permeability coefficient; it depends on temperature only and is given by Arrhenius law: The hydrogen flux through the membrane is given as Equation (11) [7, 23]
Different catalytic reactor technologies in selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid and acrolein
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2018
Golshan Mazloom, Seyed Mehdi Alavi
Membrane reactors are multifunctional reactors combining a membrane controlling mass transfer and a catalyst providing chemical activity in one apparatus. These can be distinguished as inert membrane reactors and catalytic membrane reactors. The inert membrane reactor, the membrane only has a separation function, whereas in the catalytic membrane reactor, the membrane is used for both separation and enabling the reaction.
Towards sustainable continuous co-production of biodiesel and ether from wet microalgae- a review
Published in Biofuels, 2023
A membrane reactor is a single unit that combines reaction and separation processes [39]. It can be used to conduct continuous two-step lipid transesterification into biodiesel. Membrane reactors have been demonstrated to provide a high biodiesel production of more than 91% in previous trials [40–42].