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Units and Dimensions
Published in C. Anandharamakrishnan, S. Padma Ishwarya, Essentials and Applications of Food Engineering, 2019
C. Anandharamakrishnan, S. Padma Ishwarya
Conversion factor: a ratio which defines the equivalence between two units of the same measurement. Unit1(Conversion factor)=Unit2
Combustion Products
Published in Björn Karlsson, James G. Quintiere, Nils Johansson, Björn Karlsson, Enclosure Fire Dynamics, 2022
Björn Karlsson, James G. Quintiere
Stoichiometry: A balanced chemical equation defines the stoichiometry of a reaction; stoichiometry gives the exact proportions of the reactants for complete conversion to products, where no reactants are remaining. The stoichiometric ratio is the ideal reaction mass fuel to oxygen (or air) ratio and is given the symbol r.
Identifying optimal geographic locations for hybrid concentrated solar biomass (HCSB) power plants in Alberta and Ontario, Canada
Published in Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2023
Mehran Bozorgi, Animesh Dutta, Shohel Mahmud, Syeda Humaira Tasnim
Biomass is any organic material that is derived from living or recently living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. This material can be used as a renewable energy source to produce heat, electricity, and transportation fuels. In biomass power plants, biomass is burned to generate steam, which powers a turbine and produces electricity or heats industries and homes. As a raw material for bioenergy production, biomass may also be utilized to generate power. Biochemical, thermochemical, and physiochemical routes are all included in the conversion process. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms are linked together in long chains to form biomass, which has a high volatile content. By adjusting the conversion routes and operating circumstances, these organic compounds can be converted into usable energy products such as liquid biofuel, gaseous biogas, producer gas, syngas, solid char, etc. Yeast is used to making ethanol from anaerobic digestion, while bacteria convert biomass into biogas, mostly a CH4 and CO2 combination. Batch manufacture of biochemical transformations might take days or weeks to complete. Thermochemical routes entail high-temperature manufacturing that may be carried out continuously in seconds or minutes. They are more efficient and decomposable than biological pathways, on average. There are thermochemical and physiochemical methods for extracting oil from biomass, which includes direct burning, pyrolysis, liquefaction, and gasification. End-products of biomass conversion might serve as a replacement for fossil fuels and so help to lessen the environment’s effect (Ling et al. 2022).